वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-57, verse-19

ततः सुदर्शनं नाम नीलजीमूतसंनिभम् ।
ऐरावतकुले जातमारुरोह महोदरः ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ sudarśanaṃ nāma nīlajīmūtasaṃnibham ,
airāvatakule jātamāruroha mahodaraḥ.

19. tataḥ sudarśanam nāma nīlajīmūtasaṃnibham
airāvatakule jātam ārūroha mahodaraḥ

19. mahodaraḥ tataḥ nīlajīmūtasaṃnibham
airāvatakule jātam sudarśanam nāma ārūroha

19. Then Mahodara mounted (an elephant) named Sudarshana, which resembled a dark cloud and was born in the lineage of Airāvata.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, next (then, thereupon, from that)

• सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - named Sudarshana (referring to an elephant) (named Sudarshana (an elephant); beautiful to behold)

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name (by name, indeed, namely)

• नीलजीमूतसंनिभम् (nīlajīmūtasaṁnibham) - resembling a dark rain cloud (resembling a dark cloud)

• ऐरावतकुले (airāvatakule) - in the lineage of Airāvata (a mythical elephant of Indra) (in the family/lineage of Airāvata)

• जातम् (jātam) - born (born, produced)

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - mounted (an elephant) (mounted, ascended, rode)

• महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (a Rākṣasa chief in Rāmāyaṇa) (Mahodara (proper name), one with a large belly)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, next (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - named Sudarshana (referring to an elephant) (named Sudarshana (an elephant); beautiful to behold)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudarśana

sudarśana - beautiful, handsome; an elephant's name; a discus (Vishnu's weapon)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+darśana)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• darśana – seeing, sight, appearance, philosophy
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  Derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Adjective qualifying an implied elephant, hence accusative singular.

नाम (nāma) - named, by name (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

नीलजीमूतसंनिभम् (nīlajīmūtasaṁnibham) - resembling a dark rain cloud (resembling a dark cloud)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nīlajīmūtasaṃnibha

nīlajīmūtasaṁnibha - resembling a dark cloud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nīla+jīmūta+saṃnibha)

• nīla – dark blue, black
  adjective (masculine)
• jīmūta – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – resembling, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  from 'sam' + 'nibh' (to shine, appear)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: nibh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied elephant, hence accusative singular.

ऐरावतकुले (airāvatakule) - in the lineage of Airāvata (a mythical elephant of Indra) (in the family/lineage of Airāvata)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of airāvatakula

airāvatakula - family/lineage of Airāvata

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (airāvata+kula)

• airāvata – name of Indra's elephant
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)

जातम् (jātam) - born (born, produced)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied elephant.

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - mounted (an elephant) (mounted, ascended, rode)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ārūh

Perfect Active

Root rūh (to grow, ascend) with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: rūh (class 1)

महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (a Rākṣasa chief in Rāmāyaṇa) (Mahodara (proper name), one with a large belly)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahodara

mahodara - one with a large belly; name of a Rākṣasa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+udara)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the verb ārūroha.