वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-57, verse-22

त्रिशिरा रथमास्थाय विरराज धनुर्धरः ।
सविद्युदुल्कः सज्वालः सेन्द्रचाप इवाम्बुदः ॥२२॥

22. triśirā rathamāsthāya virarāja dhanurdharaḥ ,
savidyudulkaḥ sajvālaḥ sendracāpa ivāmbudaḥ.

22. triśirā ratham āsthāya virarāja dhanurdharaḥ
savidyudulkaḥ sajjvālaḥ sendracāpaḥ iva ambudaḥ

22. triśirā dhanurdharaḥ ratham āsthāya savidyudulkaḥ
sajjvālaḥ sendracāpaḥ ambudaḥ iva virarāja

22. Having mounted the chariot, Trishira, the archer, shone brilliantly like a rain cloud accompanied by lightning, flaming streaks, and a rainbow.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिशिरा (triśirā) - Trishira (son of Rāvaṇa) (Trishira (proper name, 'three-headed'))

• रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (having mounted, having taken up, having stood upon)

• विरराज (virarāja) - shone brilliantly (shone brilliantly, was splendid, excelled)

• धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - the archer (a bowman, archer, wielder of a bow)

• सविद्युदुल्कः (savidyudulkaḥ) - accompanied by lightning and flaming streaks (with lightning and meteors/flaming brands)

• सज्ज्वालः (sajjvālaḥ) - with flames (with flames, blazing)

• सेन्द्रचापः (sendracāpaḥ) - adorned with a rainbow (with a rainbow (Indra's bow))

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - a rain cloud (cloud (giver of water))

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिशिरा (triśirā) - Trishira (son of Rāvaṇa) (Trishira (proper name, 'three-headed'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of triśiras

triśiras - three-headed; name of a Rākṣasa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+śiras)

• tri – three
  numeral
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of virarāja.

रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Object of āsthāya.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (having mounted, having taken up, having stood upon)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

विरराज (virarāja) - shone brilliantly (shone brilliantly, was splendid, excelled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of virāj

Perfect Active

Root rāj (to shine) with upasarga 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject is Triśirā.

धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - the archer (a bowman, archer, wielder of a bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurdhara

dhanurdhara - bowman, archer, wielder of a bow

Compound type : upapada-samāsa (dhanus+dhara)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, carrying
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derivative
  From root dhṛ (to hold, bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: In apposition to Triśirā.

सविद्युदुल्कः (savidyudulkaḥ) - accompanied by lightning and flaming streaks (with lightning and meteors/flaming brands)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savidyudulka

savidyudulka - with lightning and meteors/flaming brands

Compound: 'sa' (with) + 'vidyut' (lightning) + 'ulkā' (meteor, firebrand)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vidyut+ulka)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• vidyut – lightning, flash of lightning
  noun (feminine)
• ulkā – meteor, firebrand, flame
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with ambudaḥ.

सज्ज्वालः (sajjvālaḥ) - with flames (with flames, blazing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sajjvāla

sajjvāla - with flames, blazing, fiery

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+jvāla)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• jvāla – flame, blaze
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ambudaḥ.

सेन्द्रचापः (sendracāpaḥ) - adorned with a rainbow (with a rainbow (Indra's bow))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sendracāpa

sendracāpa - with a rainbow, having Indra's bow

Compound: 'sa' (with) + 'indra' (Indra) + 'cāpa' (bow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+indra+cāpa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• indra – Indra (name of a deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• cāpa – bow, arc
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with ambudaḥ.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - a rain cloud (cloud (giver of water))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud, giver of water

agent noun derivative

Compound: 'ambu' (water) + 'da' (giver)

Compound type : upapada-samāsa (ambu+da)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derivative
  from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Noun in comparison.