वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-57, verse-59

तस्मिन्प्रवृत्ते तुमुले विमर्दे प्रहृष्यमाणेषु वली मुखेषु ।
निपात्यमानेषु च राक्षसेषु महर्षयो देवगणाश्च नेदुः ॥५९॥

59. tasminpravṛtte tumule vimarde prahṛṣyamāṇeṣu valī mukheṣu ,
nipātyamāneṣu ca rākṣaseṣu maharṣayo devagaṇāśca neduḥ.

59. tasmin pravṛtte tumule vimarde prahṛṣyamāṇeṣu valīmukheṣu
nipātyamāneṣu ca rākṣaseṣu maharṣayaḥ devagaṇāḥ ca neduḥ

59. When that tumultuous conflict commenced, and as the monkeys greatly rejoiced while the demons were being felled, the great sages and the hosts of gods roared.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (conflict) (in that, on that, at that time)

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it had commenced (having started, commenced, set in)

• तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, fierce, noisy)

• विमर्दे (vimarde) - in the conflict (conflict, battle, struggle, crushing)

• प्रहृष्यमाणेषु (prahṛṣyamāṇeṣu) - while greatly rejoicing (in those who were greatly rejoicing, while greatly rejoicing)

• वलीमुखेषु (valīmukheṣu) - among the monkeys

• निपात्यमानेषु (nipātyamāneṣu) - while being felled (in those who were being struck down, while being struck down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राक्षसेषु (rākṣaseṣu) - among the demons

• महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - the great sages (great sages)

• देवगणाः (devagaṇāḥ) - the hosts of gods (groups of gods, hosts of gods)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared (with approval) (they roared, they shouted)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (conflict) (in that, on that, at that time)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to vimarde

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it had commenced (having started, commenced, set in)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, active, engaged

Past Passive Participle

derived from pra- + √vṛt (to turn, proceed)

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: modifies vimarde

तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, fierce, noisy)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, fierce, noisy

Note: modifies vimarde

विमर्दे (vimarde) - in the conflict (conflict, battle, struggle, crushing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vimarda

vimarda - conflict, battle, struggle, crushing

derived from vi- + √mṛd (to crush)

Prefix: vi

Root: √mṛd (class 9)

प्रहृष्यमाणेषु (prahṛṣyamāṇeṣu) - while greatly rejoicing (in those who were greatly rejoicing, while greatly rejoicing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣyamāṇa

prahṛṣyamāṇa - greatly rejoicing, being delighted

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

derived from pra- + √hṛṣ (to rejoice) + śānac suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: √hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: refers to valīmukheṣu

वलीमुखेषु (valīmukheṣu) - among the monkeys

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of valīmukha

valīmukha - monkey, ape

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (valī+mukha)

• valī – wrinkle, fold
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

निपात्यमानेषु (nipātyamāneṣu) - while being felled (in those who were being struck down, while being struck down)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of nipātyamāṇa

nipātyamāṇa - being struck down, being thrown down, being felled

Present Passive Participle (Ātmanepada)

derived from ni- + √pat (to fall) in causative form (pātayati) + śānac suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: refers to rākṣaseṣu

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

राक्षसेषु (rākṣaseṣu) - among the demons

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rakshasa

महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - the great sages (great sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

देवगणाः (devagaṇāḥ) - the hosts of gods (groups of gods, hosts of gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devagaṇa

devagaṇa - host of gods, group of deities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared (with approval) (they roared, they shouted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past (aorist) (luṅ) of nad

aorist (luṅ) 3rd person plural

reduplicated aorist from √nad

Root: √nad (class 1)