महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-30, verse-80
सर्वज्ञा यवना राजञ्शूराश्चैव विशेषतः ।
म्लेच्छाः स्वसंज्ञानियता नानुक्त इतरो जनः ॥८०॥
म्लेच्छाः स्वसंज्ञानियता नानुक्त इतरो जनः ॥८०॥
80. sarvajñā yavanā rājañśūrāścaiva viśeṣataḥ ,
mlecchāḥ svasaṁjñāniyatā nānukta itaro janaḥ.
mlecchāḥ svasaṁjñāniyatā nānukta itaro janaḥ.
80.
sarvajñā yavanā rājan śūrāḥ ca eva viśeṣataḥ
mlecchāḥ svasaṃjñāniyatāḥ na anuktaḥ itaraḥ janaḥ
mlecchāḥ svasaṃjñāniyatāḥ na anuktaḥ itaraḥ janaḥ
80.
rājan yavanāḥ sarvajñāḥ ca eva viśeṣataḥ śūrāḥ
mlecchāḥ svasaṃjñāniyatāḥ itaraḥ janaḥ na anuktaḥ
mlecchāḥ svasaṃjñāniyatāḥ itaraḥ janaḥ na anuktaḥ
80.
O King, the Yavanas are omniscient and especially brave. Though they are foreigners (mlecchāḥ), they are disciplined by their own customs (dharma). It is not as if other people are undescribed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वज्ञा (sarvajñā) - all-knowing, omniscient, very perceptive
- यवना (yavanā) - Yavanas, Greeks, foreigners
- राजन् (rājan) - O King
- शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic, mighty
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly, only
- विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, distinctly
- म्लेच्छाः (mlecchāḥ) - barbarians, foreigners, non-Aryan
- स्वसंज्ञानियताः (svasaṁjñāniyatāḥ) - disciplined by their own customs/understanding/rules, self-regulated
- न (na) - not, no
- अनुक्तः (anuktaḥ) - unspoken, undescribed, unmentioned
- इतरः (itaraḥ) - other, different
- जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, man
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वज्ञा (sarvajñā) - all-knowing, omniscient, very perceptive
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvajña
sarvajña - all-knowing, omniscient, very perceptive
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+jña)
- sarva – all, every, whole
adjective (masculine) - jña – knowing, conversant with, skilled in
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
यवना (yavanā) - Yavanas, Greeks, foreigners
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yavana
yavana - Yavana, Greek, foreigner
राजन् (rājan) - O King
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic, mighty
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - brave, valiant, heroic
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, distinctly
(indeclinable)
Derived from viśeṣa with the suffix -tas
म्लेच्छाः (mlecchāḥ) - barbarians, foreigners, non-Aryan
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mleccha
mleccha - barbarian, foreigner, non-Aryan, outcaste
स्वसंज्ञानियताः (svasaṁjñāniyatāḥ) - disciplined by their own customs/understanding/rules, self-regulated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of svasaṃjñāniyata
svasaṁjñāniyata - regulated by one's own understanding, disciplined by one's own customs
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+saṃjñā+niyata)
- sva – one's own, self
adjective (masculine) - saṃjñā – understanding, custom, recognition, convention
noun (feminine)
Prefix: sam - niyata – regulated, restrained, disciplined, fixed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root yam with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अनुक्तः (anuktaḥ) - unspoken, undescribed, unmentioned
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anukta
anukta - unspoken, unsaid, undescribed
Past Passive Participle
Negation 'a' + ukta (from root vac + kta)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ukta)
- a – not, un- (negation)
indeclinable - ukta – spoken, said, mentioned
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root vac + kta
Root: vac (class 2)
इतरः (itaraḥ) - other, different
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of itara
itara - other, another, different
जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, man
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jana
jana - person, man, creature, people