महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-28

इत्युक्त्वा ब्राह्मणः साधुरुत्तरं पुनरुक्तवान् ।
बाह्लीकेष्वविनीतेषु प्रोच्यमानं निबोधत ॥२८॥

28. ityuktvā brāhmaṇaḥ sādhuruttaraṁ punaruktavān ,
bāhlīkeṣvavinīteṣu procyamānaṁ nibodhata.

28. iti uktvā brāhmaṇaḥ sādhuḥ uttaram punaḥ uktavān
bāhlīkeṣu avinīteṣu procyamānam nibodhata

28. iti uktvā sādhuḥ brāhmaṇaḥ punaḥ uttaram uktavān
bāhlīkeṣu avinīteṣu procyamānam nibodhata

28. Having spoken thus, the virtuous Brahmin again gave a reply: 'Understand what is being said among the ill-behaved Bahlīkas.'

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a priest

• साधुः (sādhuḥ) - a good man, a virtuous person, a sage

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - an answer, a reply, northern, subsequent

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, but, moreover

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - said, spoken (by him)

• बाह्लीकेषु (bāhlīkeṣu) - among the Bahlīkas, in Bahlīka country

• अविनीतेषु (avinīteṣu) - among the ill-behaved, among the undisciplined

• प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - that which is being said, that which is being spoken

• निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand, perceive, learn (you plural)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class, related to Brahman

साधुः (sādhuḥ) - a good man, a virtuous person, a sage

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy, a good person, a sage

Note: Agreeing with 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - an answer, a reply, northern, subsequent

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - answer, reply, north, later, subsequent

Note: Object of 'uktavān'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, but, moreover

(indeclinable)

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - said, spoken (by him)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, having said (agentive past participle)

past active participle (kṛt)

From root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ktavat. Declines like a noun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

बाह्लीकेषु (bāhlīkeṣu) - among the Bahlīkas, in Bahlīka country

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of bāhlīka

bāhlīka - a person from Bahlīka (Balkh, Bactria), belonging to Bahlīka

Note: Refers to the people of the Bahlīka region.

अविनीतेषु (avinīteṣu) - among the ill-behaved, among the undisciplined

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of avinīta

avinīta - ill-behaved, badly trained, undisciplined, rude

Compound: a (negation) + vinīta (well-behaved, trained). vinīta is past passive participle of √nī with vi.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vinīta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vinīta – disciplined, humble, well-behaved
  adjective
  past passive participle
  From root √nī (to lead) with upasarga vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bāhlīkeṣu'.

प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - that which is being said, that which is being spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of procyamāna

procyamāna - being spoken, being told, being declared (present passive participle)

present passive participle

From root √vac (to speak) with upasarga pra- and suffix -śānac (māna).

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'nibodhata'.

निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand, perceive, learn (you plural)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

From root √budh (to know, perceive) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)