महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-18

हा हते हा हतेत्येव स्वामिभर्तृहतेति च ।
आक्रोशन्त्यः प्रनृत्यन्ति मन्दाः पर्वस्वसंयताः ॥१८॥

18. hā hate hā hatetyeva svāmibhartṛhateti ca ,
ākrośantyaḥ pranṛtyanti mandāḥ parvasvasaṁyatāḥ.

18. hā hate hā hate iti eva svāmibhartṛhate iti ca
ākrośantyaḥ pranṛtyanti mandāḥ parvasu asaṃyatāḥ

18. mandāḥ parvasu asaṃyatāḥ ākrośantyaḥ hā hate hā
hate iti eva svāmibhartṛhate iti ca pranṛtyanti

18. The foolish and unrestrained (women), crying out 'Alas, he is slain! Alas, he is slain!' and 'Alas, my husband and master are slain!', dance excessively during festivals.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas! ah! oh!

• हते (hate) - O slain one! O ruined one!

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks quoted speech or thought)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

• स्वामिभर्तृहते (svāmibhartṛhate) - O slain master-husband!

• च (ca) - and, also

• आक्रोशन्त्यः (ākrośantyaḥ) - screaming, crying out

• प्रनृत्यन्ति (pranṛtyanti) - they dance excessively/vigorously

• मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull-witted, slow

• पर्वसु (parvasu) - on festivals, at joints (of time)

• असंयताः (asaṁyatāḥ) - unrestrained, uncontrolled

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas! ah! oh!

(indeclinable)

हते (hate) - O slain one! O ruined one!

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, ruined, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'han' (to strike, to kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Past passive participle of 'han', used as a vocative lament.

इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks quoted speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

स्वामिभर्तृहते (svāmibhartṛhate) - O slain master-husband!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of svāmibhartṛhata

svāmibhartṛhata - slain master-husband

Compound of svāmin (master), bhartṛ (husband), and hata (slain)

Compound type : dvandva (svāmin+bhartṛ+hata)

• svāmin – master, owner, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)
• bhartṛ – husband, supporter, master
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• hata – slain, killed, ruined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'han' (to strike, to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आक्रोशन्त्यः (ākrośantyaḥ) - screaming, crying out

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ākrośantī

ākrośantī - screaming, crying out, lamenting

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative plural of the present active participle of 'ākruś' (to cry out)

Prefix: ā

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the subject (women).

प्रनृत्यन्ति (pranṛtyanti) - they dance excessively/vigorously

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pranṛt

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural, from prefix 'pra' + root 'nṛt'

Prefix: pra

Root: nṛt (class 4)

मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull-witted, slow

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, weak, lazy

Root: mand (class 1)

पर्वसु (parvasu) - on festivals, at joints (of time)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of parvan

parvan - knot, joint, division, festival, holy day, section

असंयताः (asaṁyatāḥ) - unrestrained, uncontrolled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of asaṃyata

asaṁyata - unrestrained, uncontrolled, undisciplined

Past Passive Participle

Nañ-tatpurusha compound: 'a' (not) + 'saṃyata' (restrained, controlled - P.P.P. of saṃyam)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+saṃyata)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• saṃyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, composed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix 'sam' + root 'yam' (to restrain, control)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)