महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततः पुनर्महाराज मद्रराजमरिंदमम् ।
अभ्यभाषत राधेयः संनिवार्योत्तरं वचः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataḥ punarmahārāja madrarājamariṁdamam ,
abhyabhāṣata rādheyaḥ saṁnivāryottaraṁ vacaḥ.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ punaḥ mahārāja madrarājam arimdamam
abhyabhāṣata rādheyaḥ saṃnivārya uttaram vacaḥ

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja,
tataḥ punaḥ rādheyaḥ arimdamam madrarājam saṃnivārya uttaram vacaḥ abhyabhāṣata

1. Sanjaya said: O great king (Dhritarashtra), then again, Radheya (Karna), having restrained the Madra king (Shalya), that subduer of enemies, spoke these following words.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator) (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the Madra king (Shalya) (the king of the Madras)

• अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - the subduer of enemies

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Radheya (Karna) (Radheya, son of Radha)

• संनिवार्य (saṁnivārya) - having restrained, having stopped, having checked

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - the following, subsequent

• वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, words

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator) (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the Madra king (Shalya) (the king of the Madras)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+rājan)

• madra – the Madra country or people
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Shalya, Karna's charioteer

अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - the subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arimdama

arimdama - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduer, tamer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'madrarājam' (Shalya)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Derived from root √bhāṣ (to speak) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Radheya (Karna) (Radheya, son of Radha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radha

A patronymic derived from Rādhā

Note: Refers to Karna

संनिवार्य (saṁnivārya) - having restrained, having stopped, having checked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, restrain) with prefixes sam- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Action performed by Radheya before speaking

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - the following, subsequent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - later, upper, northern; answer, reply, subsequent

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, words

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, saying