महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-19

तेषां किलावलिप्तानां निवसन्कुरुजाङ्गले ।
कश्चिद्बाह्लीकमुख्यानां नातिहृष्टमना जगौ ॥१९॥

19. teṣāṁ kilāvaliptānāṁ nivasankurujāṅgale ,
kaścidbāhlīkamukhyānāṁ nātihṛṣṭamanā jagau.

19. teṣām kila avaliptānām nivasān kurujāṅgale
kaścit bāhlīkamukhyānām nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ jagau

19. kila kurujāṅgale nivasān nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ kaścit
teṣām avaliptānām bāhlīkamukhyānām jagau

19. It is said that a certain person, dwelling in Kurujāṅgala among those arrogant chiefs of the Bāhlīkas, sang with a mind not exceedingly joyful.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

• किल (kila) - indeed, it is said, verily

• अवलिप्तानाम् (avaliptānām) - of the arrogant, of the proud

• निवसान् (nivasān) - dwelling, living

• कुरुजाङ्गले (kurujāṅgale) - in Kurujāṅgala (a region)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, a certain person

• बाह्लीकमुख्यानाम् (bāhlīkamukhyānām) - of the chief Bahlikas

• नातिहृष्टमनाः (nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ) - not exceedingly joyful in mind, with a not very happy mind

• जगौ (jagau) - he sang, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the Bahlikas.

किल (kila) - indeed, it is said, verily

(indeclinable)

अवलिप्तानाम् (avaliptānām) - of the arrogant, of the proud

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of avalipta

avalipta - arrogant, proud, vain, anointed, smeared

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ava' + root 'lip' (to smear, to anoint, to be proud)

Prefix: ava

Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Past passive participle, functioning adjectivally.

निवसान् (nivasān) - dwelling, living

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing, living

Present Active Participle

Masculine nominative singular of present active participle of 'nivas' (to dwell)

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kaścit'.

कुरुजाङ्गले (kurujāṅgale) - in Kurujāṅgala (a region)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kurujāṅgala

kurujāṅgala - Kurujāṅgala (a region, specifically a desert or dry land of the Kurus)

Compound of Kuru (a dynasty/region) and jāṅgala (dry land, wilderness)

Compound type : karmadharaya (kuru+jāṅgala)

• kuru – Kuru (name of a dynasty or their territory)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jāṅgala – dry land, wilderness, desert, uncultivated region
  noun (neuter)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, a certain person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, a certain one, any (indefinite pronoun)

Formed from 'ka' (who) + 'cid' (an indefinite particle)

Note: Subject of the verb 'jagau'.

बाह्लीकमुख्यानाम् (bāhlīkamukhyānām) - of the chief Bahlikas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bāhlīkamukhya

bāhlīkamukhya - chief of the Bāhlīkas, principal Bāhlīka

Tatpurusha compound of bāhlīka (a person from Balkh/Bactria) and mukhya (chief, principal)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāhlīka+mukhya)

• bāhlīka – Bāhlīka (an inhabitant of Balkh/Bactria)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, main
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Partitive genitive, indicating 'among' or 'of' a group.

नातिहृष्टमनाः (nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ) - not exceedingly joyful in mind, with a not very happy mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nātihṛṣṭamanas

nātihṛṣṭamanas - not exceedingly joyful in mind, whose mind is not very happy

Bahuvrihi compound: na (not) + ati (exceedingly) + hṛṣṭa (joyful) + manas (mind). 'He whose mind is not exceedingly joyful.'

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (na+ati+hṛṣṭa+manas)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• ati – exceedingly, very, beyond, over
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excess or intensity.
• hṛṣṭa – joyful, happy, delighted, gladdened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'hṛṣ' (to be glad, to rejoice)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, disposition
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man

Note: Describes 'kaścit'.

जगौ (jagau) - he sang, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of gai

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, from root 'gai' or 'gā'

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.