महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-79

इङ्गितज्ञाश्च मगधाः प्रेक्षितज्ञाश्च कोसलाः ।
अर्धोक्ताः कुरुपाञ्चालाः शाल्वाः कृत्स्नानुशासनाः ।
पार्वतीयाश्च विषमा यथैव गिरयस्तथा ॥७९॥

79. iṅgitajñāśca magadhāḥ prekṣitajñāśca kosalāḥ ,
ardhoktāḥ kurupāñcālāḥ śālvāḥ kṛtsnānuśāsanāḥ ,
pārvatīyāśca viṣamā yathaiva girayastathā.

79. iṅgitajñāḥ ca magadhāḥ prekṣitajñāḥ
ca kosalāḥ ardhoktāḥ kurupāñcālāḥ
śālvāḥ kṛtsnānuśāsanāḥ parvatīyāḥ
ca viṣamāḥ yathā eva girayaḥ tathā

79. magadhāḥ ca iṅgitajñāḥ,
kosalāḥ ca prekṣitajñāḥ.
kurupāñcālāḥ ardhoktāḥ.
śālvāḥ kṛtsnānuśāsanāḥ.
ca parvatīyāḥ viṣamāḥ yathā eva girayaḥ tathā.

79. The people of Magadha are skilled at understanding gestures, and those of Kosala understand glances. The Kurupāñcālas comprehend half-spoken words. The Śālvas follow complete instructions. And the mountaineers are as rugged and difficult as the mountains themselves.

Words meanings summery:

• इङ्गितज्ञाः (iṅgitajñāḥ) - skilled at understanding gestures (knowers of gestures/signs)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• मगधाः (magadhāḥ) - the Magadhas (people from the region of Magadha) (people of Magadha)

• प्रेक्षितज्ञाः (prekṣitajñāḥ) - understanding glances (knowers of glances/looks)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• कोसलाः (kosalāḥ) - the Kosalas (people from the region of Kosala) (people of Kosala)

• अर्धोक्ताः (ardhoktāḥ) - comprehend half-spoken words (half-spoken, half-said)

• कुरुपाञ्चालाः (kurupāñcālāḥ) - the Kurupāñcālas (people from the combined Kuru and Pāñcāla regions) (Kurus and Pāñcālas)

• शाल्वाः (śālvāḥ) - the Śālvas (people from the region of Śālva) (people of Śālva)

• कृत्स्नानुशासनाः (kṛtsnānuśāsanāḥ) - obedient to complete instructions (those whose instructions are complete, obedient to complete instructions)

• पर्वतीयाः (parvatīyāḥ) - the mountaineers (mountainous, living in mountains, mountaineer)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• विषमाः (viṣamāḥ) - rugged, difficult (describing nature/character) (uneven, difficult, dangerous, rugged)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• एव (eva) - (emphatic) just, even (indeed, even, only)

• गिरयः (girayaḥ) - mountains (mountains, hills)

• तथा (tathā) - so, likewise (so, thus, in that manner)

Words meanings and morphology

इङ्गितज्ञाः (iṅgitajñāḥ) - skilled at understanding gestures (knowers of gestures/signs)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of iṅgitajña

iṅgitajña - knowing gestures, understanding signs

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (iṅgita+jña)

• iṅgita – gesture, sign, hint, motion
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

मगधाः (magadhāḥ) - the Magadhas (people from the region of Magadha) (people of Magadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of magadha

magadha - Magadha (an ancient kingdom in India), its inhabitants

प्रेक्षितज्ञाः (prekṣitajñāḥ) - understanding glances (knowers of glances/looks)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prekṣitajña

prekṣitajña - knowing glances, understanding looks

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prekṣita+jña)

• prekṣita – glance, look, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

कोसलाः (kosalāḥ) - the Kosalas (people from the region of Kosala) (people of Kosala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kosala

kosala - Kosala (an ancient kingdom in India), its inhabitants

अर्धोक्ताः (ardhoktāḥ) - comprehend half-spoken words (half-spoken, half-said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ardhokta

ardhokta - half-said, half-spoken, partially expressed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+ukta)

• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)
• ukta – said, spoken, expressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

कुरुपाञ्चालाः (kurupāñcālāḥ) - the Kurupāñcālas (people from the combined Kuru and Pāñcāla regions) (Kurus and Pāñcālas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurupāñcāla

kurupāñcāla - the Kurus and Pāñcālas (names of ancient Indian tribes/kingdoms)

Compound type : dvandva (kuru+pāñcāla)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient tribe/kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāñcāla – Pāñcāla (name of an ancient tribe/kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)

शाल्वाः (śālvāḥ) - the Śālvas (people from the region of Śālva) (people of Śālva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śālva

śālva - Śālva (name of an ancient tribe/kingdom), its inhabitants

कृत्स्नानुशासनाः (kṛtsnānuśāsanāḥ) - obedient to complete instructions (those whose instructions are complete, obedient to complete instructions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtsnānuśāsana

kṛtsnānuśāsana - having complete instructions, fully obedient to instructions

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛtsna+anuśāsana)

• kṛtsna – all, whole, entire, complete
  adjective (masculine)
• anuśāsana – instruction, command, discipline, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from anu-√śās (to teach, instruct)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: śās (class 2)

पर्वतीयाः (parvatīyāḥ) - the mountaineers (mountainous, living in mountains, mountaineer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parvatīya

parvatīya - mountainous, living in mountains, mountaineer

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

विषमाः (viṣamāḥ) - rugged, difficult (describing nature/character) (uneven, difficult, dangerous, rugged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, unequal, difficult, dangerous, rough, adverse

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - (emphatic) just, even (indeed, even, only)

(indeclinable)

गिरयः (girayaḥ) - mountains (mountains, hills)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill, rock

तथा (tathā) - so, likewise (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)