महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-61

चेदयश्च महाभागा धर्मं जानन्ति शाश्वतम् ।
नानादेशेषु सन्तश्च प्रायो बाह्या लयादृते ॥६१॥

61. cedayaśca mahābhāgā dharmaṁ jānanti śāśvatam ,
nānādeśeṣu santaśca prāyo bāhyā layādṛte.

61. cedayaḥ ca mahābhāgāḥ dharmam jānanti śāśvatam
nānādeśeṣu santaḥ ca prāyaḥ bāhyāḥ layāt ṛte

61. mahābhāgāḥ cedayaḥ ca nānādeśeṣu santaḥ ca
prāyaḥ bāhyāḥ layāt ṛte śāśvatam dharmam jānanti

61. And the highly esteemed Cedis, as well as good people (santaḥ) in various lands, generally know the eternal natural law (dharma). Indeed, most outsiders (bāhyāḥ) also know it, with the exception of those absorbed in material dissolution (laya).

Words meanings summery:

• चेदयः (cedayaḥ) - the Cedis

• च (ca) - and

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - highly fortunate, greatly esteemed

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the eternal natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, perceive, understand

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, permanent

• नानादेशेषु (nānādeśeṣu) - in various countries/regions

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - righteous people (santaḥ) (good people, righteous ones, existent ones)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रायः (prāyaḥ) - mostly, generally, usually

• बाह्याः (bāhyāḥ) - outsiders, external, foreign

• लयात् (layāt) - from (being) absorbed in material dissolution (laya) (from dissolution, from absorption, from attachment)

• ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, besides

Words meanings and morphology

चेदयः (cedayaḥ) - the Cedis

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cedi

cedi - the people of Cedi, an ancient kingdom; a king of Cedi

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - highly fortunate, greatly esteemed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, greatly esteemed, noble

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share, portion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Cedayaḥ.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the eternal natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious merit

Derived from root dhṛ 'to uphold, support'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, perceive, understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present active indicative

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, Pāṇinian 9th class verb (krī-ādi gaṇa) with reduplication.

Root: jñā (class 9)

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, permanent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, permanent

Note: Agrees with `dharmam`.

नानादेशेषु (nānādeśeṣu) - in various countries/regions

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of nānādeśa

nānādeśa - various countries, diverse regions

Compound type : karmadharaya (nānā+deśa)

• nānā – various, diverse, many
  indeclinable
• deśa – country, region, place
  noun (masculine)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - righteous people (santaḥ) (good people, righteous ones, existent ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, righteous, existing, real

Present active participle

Present participle of the verb 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Participle used as a noun.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रायः (prāyaḥ) - mostly, generally, usually

(indeclinable)

बाह्याः (bāhyāḥ) - outsiders, external, foreign

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāhya

bāhya - external, outward, foreign, outsider

Derived from 'bahis' (outside).

लयात् (layāt) - from (being) absorbed in material dissolution (laya) (from dissolution, from absorption, from attachment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of laya

laya - dissolution, absorption, fusion, attachment, destruction

From root lī (to dissolve, melt).

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Used with ṛte to mean 'except from'.

ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, besides

(indeclinable)