महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-38

ब्राह्मणेन तथा प्रोक्तं विदुषा साधुसंसदि ।
काष्ठकुण्डेषु बाह्लीका मृण्मयेषु च भुञ्जते ।
सक्तुवाट्यावलिप्तेषु श्वादिलीढेषु निर्घृणाः ॥३८॥

38. brāhmaṇena tathā proktaṁ viduṣā sādhusaṁsadi ,
kāṣṭhakuṇḍeṣu bāhlīkā mṛṇmayeṣu ca bhuñjate ,
saktuvāṭyāvalipteṣu śvādilīḍheṣu nirghṛṇāḥ.

38. brāhmaṇena tathā proktam viduṣā
sādhusaṃsadi kāṣṭhakuṇḍeṣu bāhlīkā
mṛṇmayeṣu ca bhuñjate
saktuvaṭyāvalipteṣu śvādilīḍheṣu nirghṛṇāḥ

38. tathā sādhusaṃsadi viduṣā brāhmaṇena
proktam bāhlīkāḥ nirghṛṇāḥ
kāṣṭhakuṇḍeṣu ca mṛṇmayeṣu
saktuvaṭyāvalipteṣu śvādilīḍheṣu bhuñjate

38. A wise Brahmin (brāhmaṇa) declared this in an assembly of virtuous people: "The Bāhlīkas, being ruthless, eat from wooden and earthen bowls that are smeared with barley-gruel and licked by dogs and other animals."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, stated, declared

• विदुषा (viduṣā) - by a wise person, by a knower

• साधुसंसदि (sādhusaṁsadi) - in an assembly of good people, in a virtuous gathering

• काष्ठकुण्डेषु (kāṣṭhakuṇḍeṣu) - in wooden bowls/vessels

• बाह्लीका (bāhlīkā) - the Bāhlīkas

• मृण्मयेषु (mṛṇmayeṣu) - in earthen ones, in those made of clay

• च (ca) - and

• भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat, they enjoy

• सक्तुवट्यावलिप्तेषु (saktuvaṭyāvalipteṣu) - in those smeared with barley-gruel

• श्वादिलीढेषु (śvādilīḍheṣu) - in those licked by dogs and other (animals)

• निर्घृणाः (nirghṛṇāḥ) - merciless, ruthless, pitiless

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

तथा (tathā) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, stated, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √vac (or √bru) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

विदुषा (viduṣā) - by a wise person, by a knower

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidus

vidus - wise, knowing, learned; a wise man

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of √vid, used as a noun.

Root: vid (class 2)

साधुसंसदि (sādhusaṁsadi) - in an assembly of good people, in a virtuous gathering

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sādhusaṃsad

sādhusaṁsad - assembly of good people, virtuous gathering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādhu+saṃsad)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, noble, righteous
  adjective
• saṃsad – assembly, gathering, council
  noun (feminine)

काष्ठकुण्डेषु (kāṣṭhakuṇḍeṣu) - in wooden bowls/vessels

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kāṣṭhakuṇḍa

kāṣṭhakuṇḍa - wooden bowl or vessel

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāṣṭha+kuṇḍa)

• kāṣṭha – wood, timber
  noun (neuter)
• kuṇḍa – bowl, pot, vessel, pit
  noun (neuter)

बाह्लीका (bāhlīkā) - the Bāhlīkas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāhlīka

bāhlīka - a native or inhabitant of Bāhlīka (Bactria)

मृण्मयेषु (mṛṇmayeṣu) - in earthen ones, in those made of clay

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of mṛṇmaya

mṛṇmaya - earthen, made of clay

Note: Agreeing with implied 'kuṇḍeṣu' (bowls).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat, they enjoy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

root of the 7th class

Root: bhuj (class 7)

सक्तुवट्यावलिप्तेषु (saktuvaṭyāvalipteṣu) - in those smeared with barley-gruel

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of saktuvaṭyāvalipta

saktuvaṭyāvalipta - smeared with barley-gruel

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saktuvaṭī+avalipta)

• saktuvaṭī – barley-gruel, a kind of food made from barley flour
  noun (feminine)
• avalipta – smeared, anointed, stained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √lip with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Agreeing with implied 'kuṇḍeṣu' (bowls).

श्वादिलीढेषु (śvādilīḍheṣu) - in those licked by dogs and other (animals)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of śvādilīḍha

śvādilīḍha - licked by dogs or the like

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvādi+līḍha)

• śvādi – dogs etc., beginning with dogs
  noun (masculine)
  compound of śvan + ādi
• līḍha – licked
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √lih
  Root: lih (class 2)

Note: Agreeing with implied 'kuṇḍeṣu' (bowls).

निर्घृणाः (nirghṛṇāḥ) - merciless, ruthless, pitiless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirghṛṇa

nirghṛṇa - merciless, pitiless, cruel

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ghṛṇā)

• nis – without, out of, away
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ghṛṇā – compassion, pity, mercy
  noun (feminine)