महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-30, verse-75

आ पाञ्चालेभ्यः कुरवो नैमिषाश्च मत्स्याश्चैवाप्यथ जानन्ति धर्मम् ।
कलिङ्गकाश्चाङ्गका मागधाश्च शिष्टान्धर्मानुपजीवन्ति वृद्धाः ॥७५॥

75. ā pāñcālebhyaḥ kuravo naimiṣāśca; matsyāścaivāpyatha jānanti dharmam ,
kaliṅgakāścāṅgakā māgadhāśca; śiṣṭāndharmānupajīvanti vṛddhāḥ.

75. ā pāñcālebhyaḥ kuravaḥ naimiṣāḥ ca
matsyāḥ ca eva api atha jānanti
dharmam kaliṅgakāḥ ca aṅgakāḥ māgadhāḥ
ca śiṣṭān dharmān upajīvanti vṛddhāḥ

75. ā pāñcālebhyaḥ kuravaḥ naimiṣāḥ ca
matsyāḥ ca eva api atha dharmam
jānanti kaliṅgakāḥ ca aṅgakāḥ māgadhāḥ
ca vṛddhāḥ śiṣṭān dharmān upajīvanti

75. From the Pañcālas onwards, the Kurus, the Naimiṣas, and even the Matsyas—all of them indeed know the natural law (dharma). And the elders among the Kaliṅgas, the Aṅgas, and the Magadhas live according to the refined natural laws (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• आ (ā) - from, beginning with (up to, until, from, beginning with)

• पाञ्चालेभ्यः (pāñcālebhyaḥ) - from the Pañcālas (as a starting point) (from the Pañcālas, to the Pañcālas)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

• नैमिषाः (naimiṣāḥ) - the people of Naimiṣa, Naimiṣas

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• मत्स्याः (matsyāḥ) - the people of Matsya, Matsyas

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too, moreover)

• अथ (atha) - then (indicating continuation or sequence) (then, now, thus, moreover)

• जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, they understand

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

• कलिङ्गकाः (kaliṅgakāḥ) - the Kaliṅgas (people from a region in eastern India)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अङ्गकाः (aṅgakāḥ) - the Aṅgas (people from a region in eastern India)

• मागधाः (māgadhāḥ) - the Magadhas (people from a region in eastern India)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• शिष्टान् (śiṣṭān) - refined, virtuous (learned, virtuous, cultivated, refined)

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - the natural laws (dharma) (as practiced by the virtuous) (natural laws (dharma), duties, righteous actions)

• उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they live according to (they live according to, they subsist on, they depend on)

• वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - elders (who are implicitly wise or follow tradition) (elders, old people, wise people, respectable people)

Words meanings and morphology

आ (ā) - from, beginning with (up to, until, from, beginning with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix.

पाञ्चालेभ्यः (pāñcālebhyaḥ) - from the Pañcālas (as a starting point) (from the Pañcālas, to the Pañcālas)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a person from Pañcāla

Note: Governed by `ā`.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - the Kuru people, a king or dynasty

Note: Subject.

नैमिषाः (naimiṣāḥ) - the people of Naimiṣa, Naimiṣas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naimiṣa

naimiṣa - a resident of Naimiṣa (a sacred forest/place)

Derived from `naimiṣa` (Naimiṣa forest).

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

मत्स्याः (matsyāḥ) - the people of Matsya, Matsyas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - a fish; the country of Matsya; people of Matsya

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अथ (atha) - then (indicating continuation or sequence) (then, now, thus, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of jñā

Present active 3rd plural

From root `jñā`.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Verb for Kurus, Naimiṣas, Matsyas.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Derived from root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `jānanti`.

कलिङ्गकाः (kaliṅgakāḥ) - the Kaliṅgas (people from a region in eastern India)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaliṅgaka

kaliṅgaka - a person from Kaliṅga (an ancient kingdom in eastern India)

Derived from `kaliṅga`.

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अङ्गकाः (aṅgakāḥ) - the Aṅgas (people from a region in eastern India)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aṅgaka

aṅgaka - a person from Aṅga (an ancient kingdom in eastern India)

Derived from `aṅga`.

Note: Subject.

मागधाः (māgadhāḥ) - the Magadhas (people from a region in eastern India)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māgadha

māgadha - a person from Magadha (an ancient kingdom in eastern India)

Derived from `magadha`.

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

शिष्टान् (śiṣṭān) - refined, virtuous (learned, virtuous, cultivated, refined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭa

śiṣṭa - learned, cultivated, virtuous, disciplined, residual

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śiṣ` (to teach, instruct).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Modifies `dharmān`.

धर्मान् (dharmān) - the natural laws (dharma) (as practiced by the virtuous) (natural laws (dharma), duties, righteous actions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Derived from root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `upajīvanti`.

उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they live according to (they live according to, they subsist on, they depend on)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of upajīv

Present active 3rd plural

From root `jīv` (to live) with prefix `upa-` (near, under).

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Verb for Kaliṅgas, Aṅgas, Magadhas, and elders.

वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - elders (who are implicitly wise or follow tradition) (elders, old people, wise people, respectable people)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, wise, respectable; an elder

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `vṛdh` (to grow, increase).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Subject.