महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-9

सोऽपश्यद्बहुवृत्तान्तां ब्राह्मणः समतिक्रमन् ।
धर्मव्याधमपृच्छच्च स चास्य कथितो द्विजैः ॥९॥

9. so'paśyadbahuvṛttāntāṁ brāhmaṇaḥ samatikraman ,
dharmavyādhamapṛcchacca sa cāsya kathito dvijaiḥ.

9. saḥ apaśyat bahuvṛttāntām brāhmaṇaḥ samatikraman
dharmavyādham apṛcchat ca saḥ ca asya kathitaḥ dvijaiḥ

9. The brahmin, passing by, observed a scene full of many occurrences. He then questioned the dharma-hunter (dharmavyādha), about whom he had been informed by other brahmins (dvija).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - the brahmin (he, that)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

• बहुवृत्तान्ताम् (bahuvṛttāntām) - describing a situation or a place implicitly (full of many incidents, having many occurrences)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the brahmin sage, Kausika (a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class)

• समतिक्रमन् (samatikraman) - while passing through (the area) (passing over, traversing, crossing)

• धर्मव्याधम् (dharmavyādham) - the specific individual known as the dharma-hunter, the main character of the narrative (the dharma-hunter, a righteous hunter)

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - the dharma-hunter (dharmavyādha) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - to the brahmin (of him, to him, for him)

• कथितः (kathitaḥ) - (the dharma-hunter) had been described (to the brahmin) (described, told, narrated)

• द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by other brahmins (by the twice-born, by brahmins)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - the brahmin (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect

2nd class verb, 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: dṛś (class 2)

बहुवृत्तान्ताम् (bahuvṛttāntām) - describing a situation or a place implicitly (full of many incidents, having many occurrences)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bahuvṛttānta

bahuvṛttānta - full of many incidents/events, having many stories

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vṛttānta)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• vṛttānta – event, occurrence, account, story, incident
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the brahmin sage, Kausika (a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

Root: bṛh (class 1)

समतिक्रमन् (samatikraman) - while passing through (the area) (passing over, traversing, crossing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samatikramat

samatikramat - passing over, traversing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kram' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ati'. Declines like 'gacchat'. Formed from sam + ati + kram + śatṛ.

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

धर्मव्याधम् (dharmavyādham) - the specific individual known as the dharma-hunter, the main character of the narrative (the dharma-hunter, a righteous hunter)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmavyādha

dharmavyādha - righteous hunter, one who follows his intrinsic nature (dharma) while being a hunter

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dharma+vyādha)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vyādha – hunter, fowler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prach

Imperfect

6th class verb, 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: prach (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - the dharma-hunter (dharmavyādha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - to the brahmin (of him, to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

कथितः (kathitaḥ) - (the dharma-hunter) had been described (to the brahmin) (described, told, narrated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathita

kathita - told, narrated, described

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kath' (10th class verb), formed from kath + kta.

Root: kath (class 10)

द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by other brahmins (by the twice-born, by brahmins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - a brahmin, a bird, a tooth, one who is twice-born

Root: jan (class 4)