महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-24

कर्म शूद्रे कृषिर्वैश्ये संग्रामः क्षत्रिये स्मृतः ।
ब्रह्मचर्यं तपो मन्त्राः सत्यं च ब्राह्मणे सदा ॥२४॥

24. karma śūdre kṛṣirvaiśye saṁgrāmaḥ kṣatriye smṛtaḥ ,
brahmacaryaṁ tapo mantrāḥ satyaṁ ca brāhmaṇe sadā.

24. karma śūdre kṛṣiḥ vaiśye saṃgrāmaḥ kṣatriye smṛtaḥ
brahmacaryam tapaḥ mantrāḥ satyam ca brāhmaṇe sadā

24. Service is prescribed for the śūdra, agriculture for the vaiśya, and warfare for the kṣatriya. Celibacy (brahmacarya), austerity (tapas), chanting of sacred formulas (mantra), and truthfulness are always for the brāhmaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्म (karma) - service, manual work, duty (action, duty, work (karma))

• शूद्रे (śūdre) - for the śūdra

• कृषिः (kṛṣiḥ) - agriculture, farming

• वैश्ये (vaiśye) - for the vaiśya

• संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - warfare, combat (battle, war, conflict)

• क्षत्रिये (kṣatriye) - for the kṣatriya

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is traditionally prescribed (recalled, remembered, prescribed, traditionally enjoined)

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy, studentship (brahmacarya)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat (tapas)

• मन्त्राः (mantrāḥ) - chanting of sacred formulas (mantra) (sacred verses, hymns, chants (mantra))

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness (truth, reality, honesty)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• ब्राह्मणे (brāhmaṇe) - for the brāhmaṇa

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

Words meanings and morphology

कर्म (karma) - service, manual work, duty (action, duty, work (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, fate (karma)

From root `kṛ` + `man` suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शूद्रे (śūdre) - for the śūdra

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth varṇa (social class), a laborer or servant

Note: Locative case often indicates 'for whom' or 'in whom' in prescriptive contexts.

कृषिः (kṛṣiḥ) - agriculture, farming

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣi

kṛṣi - agriculture, cultivation, farming

From root `kṛṣ`

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

वैश्ये (vaiśye) - for the vaiśya

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the third varṇa, typically engaged in agriculture and trade

From `viś` (people, settlement)

Note: Locative case often indicates 'for whom' or 'in whom' in prescriptive contexts.

संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - warfare, combat (battle, war, conflict)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, fight

From `sam` + `grām` (to come together, meet)

Prefix: sam

Root: grām

क्षत्रिये (kṣatriye) - for the kṣatriya

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the second varṇa, a warrior or ruler

From `kṣatra` (rule, dominion)

Note: Locative case often indicates 'for whom' or 'in whom' in prescriptive contexts.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is traditionally prescribed (recalled, remembered, prescribed, traditionally enjoined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, prescribed (by tradition or sacred texts)

Past Passive Participle

From root `smṛ`

Root: smṛ (class 1)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy, studentship (brahmacarya)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, religious student life, conduct leading to brahman (brahmacarya)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – the Absolute, Universal Spirit, sacred word, Veda, Brahmin (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root `car` (to move, conduct) + `ya` suffix
  Root: car (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, religious austerity, penance, spiritual fervor (tapas)

From root `tap` (to heat, to burn)

Root: tap (class 1)

मन्त्राः (mantrāḥ) - chanting of sacred formulas (mantra) (sacred verses, hymns, chants (mantra))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantra

mantra - sacred verse, hymn, prayer, mystical formula, counsel (mantra)

From root `man` (to think) + `tra` suffix

Root: man (class 4)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness (truth, reality, honesty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity, honesty

From `sat` (being, existing, good) + `ya` suffix

Root: as (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणे (brāhmaṇe) - for the brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the first varṇa, a priest, scholar, or teacher

From `brahman`

Note: Locative case often indicates 'for whom' or 'in whom' in prescriptive contexts.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

(indeclinable)