महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-55

तेषां दमः पवित्राणि प्रलापा धर्मसंश्रिताः ।
सर्वं हि विद्यते तेषु शिष्टाचारः सुदुर्लभः ॥५५॥

55. teṣāṁ damaḥ pavitrāṇi pralāpā dharmasaṁśritāḥ ,
sarvaṁ hi vidyate teṣu śiṣṭācāraḥ sudurlabhaḥ.

55. teṣām damaḥ pavitrāṇi pralāpāḥ dharmasaṃśritāḥ
sarvam hi vidyate teṣu śiṣṭācāraḥ sudurlabhaḥ

55. For such people (the unrighteous from the previous verse), their self-control (dama) and purifying acts are just empty words related to righteousness (dharma). Indeed, everything else might be found in them, but proper conduct (śiṣṭācāra) is exceedingly difficult to find.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, to them)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama) (self-control, restraint, subduing (of senses))

• पवित्राणि (pavitrāṇi) - purifying acts (purifying acts, purifiers, sacred things)

• प्रलापाः (pralāpāḥ) - mere ramblings (babblings, lamentations, idle talk, empty words)

• धर्मसंश्रिताः (dharmasaṁśritāḥ) - related to righteousness (dharma) (relying on righteousness (dharma), connected with dharma, related to natural law)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything else (all, everything)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found (exists, is found, is present)

• तेषु (teṣu) - in them (in them, among them)

• शिष्टाचारः (śiṣṭācāraḥ) - proper conduct (śiṣṭācāra) (proper conduct, good manners, conduct of the wise)

• सुदुर्लभः (sudurlabhaḥ) - exceedingly difficult to find (very rare, exceedingly difficult to obtain)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun)

Note: Refers to the `adharmāḥ` (unrighteous ones) from the previous verse.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama) (self-control, restraint, subduing (of senses))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subduing (of senses), mastery

Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Subject.

पवित्राणि (pavitrāṇi) - purifying acts (purifying acts, purifiers, sacred things)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pavitra

pavitra - pure, holy, sacred; a strainer, purifier, sacred cord, sacred act

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Co-subject with `damaḥ`.

प्रलापाः (pralāpāḥ) - mere ramblings (babblings, lamentations, idle talk, empty words)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pralāpa

pralāpa - babbling, lamentation, idle talk, empty words

Prefix: pra

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for `damaḥ pavitrāṇi` (implied 'are').

धर्मसंश्रिताः (dharmasaṁśritāḥ) - related to righteousness (dharma) (relying on righteousness (dharma), connected with dharma, related to natural law)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmasaṃśrita

dharmasaṁśrita - resting on dharma, connected with dharma, related to righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+saṃśrita)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• saṃśrita – residing in, resting on, depending on, related to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śri' (to resort to, to depend on) with upasarga 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pralāpāḥ`.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything else (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, everything

Note: Subject of `vidyate`.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found (exists, is found, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

From root 'vid', 3rd person singular present middle.

Root: vid (class 4)

तेषु (teṣu) - in them (in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun)

Note: Refers to the `adharmāḥ`.

शिष्टाचारः (śiṣṭācāraḥ) - proper conduct (śiṣṭācāra) (proper conduct, good manners, conduct of the wise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭācāra

śiṣṭācāra - proper conduct, good manners, conduct of the wise/disciplined

Compound type : tatpurusha (śiṣṭa+ācāra)

• śiṣṭa – disciplined, well-behaved, wise, educated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śiṣ' (to discipline, to teach).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, tradition
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move, to practice) with upasarga 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

सुदुर्लभः (sudurlabhaḥ) - exceedingly difficult to find (very rare, exceedingly difficult to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very rare, exceedingly difficult to obtain/find

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+durlabha)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare, unattainable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root 'labh' (to obtain) with upasarga 'dur'.
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for `śiṣṭācāraḥ`.