महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-46

न लोके राजते मूर्खः केवलात्मप्रशंसया ।
अपि चेह मृजा हीनः कृतविद्यः प्रकाशते ॥४६॥

46. na loke rājate mūrkhaḥ kevalātmapraśaṁsayā ,
api ceha mṛjā hīnaḥ kṛtavidyaḥ prakāśate.

46. na loke rājate mūrkhaḥ kevalātmapraśaṃsayā
api ca iha mṛjā hīnaḥ kṛtavidyaḥ prakāśate

46. A fool does not shine in the world merely through self-praise (ātman). But even in this world, a learned person shines forth, even if they lack outward refinement.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• राजते (rājate) - shines, appears, reigns

• मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - a fool, an ignorant person

• केवलात्मप्रशंसया (kevalātmapraśaṁsayā) - by mere self-praise (ātman)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, (introduces a clause)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• मृजा (mṛjā) - outward refinement (cleanliness, purity, elegance)

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

• कृतविद्यः (kṛtavidyaḥ) - a learned person, one who has acquired knowledge

• प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, becomes visible, is illustrious

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, space

Root: lok (class 1)

राजते (rājate) - shines, appears, reigns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of rāj

Present middle indicative

3rd person singular, present tense

Root: rāj (class 1)

मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - a fool, an ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrkha

mūrkha - foolish, ignorant, stupid, a fool

Note: Subject of `rājate`.

केवलात्मप्रशंसया (kevalātmapraśaṁsayā) - by mere self-praise (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kevalātmapraśaṃsā

kevalātmapraśaṁsā - mere self-praise

Karmadhāraya compound: `kevala` + `ātmapraśaṃsā`. `ātmapraśaṃsā` is a tatpuruṣa compound `ātman` + `praśaṃsā`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kevala+ātmapraśaṃsā)

• kevala – sole, alone, mere, whole
  adjective
• ātmapraśaṃsā – self-praise, praise of oneself (ātman)
  noun (feminine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound `ātman` + `praśaṃsā`.

अपि (api) - even, also, too, (introduces a clause)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

मृजा (mṛjā) - outward refinement (cleanliness, purity, elegance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mṛjā

mṛjā - cleansing, purity, elegance, beauty, neatness

From root `mṛj`.

Root: mṛj (class 2)

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deprived of, deficient, inferior, base

Past Passive Participle

From root `hā` (to abandon, quit). Here usually takes instrumental case for what is lacking.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `kṛtavidyaḥ`.

कृतविद्यः (kṛtavidyaḥ) - a learned person, one who has acquired knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavidya

kṛtavidya - learned, educated, having acquired knowledge

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one by whom knowledge (vidyā) has been done (kṛta)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+vidyā)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ`.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root `vid`.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of `prakāśate`.

प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, becomes visible, is illustrious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of prakāś

Present middle indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)