महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-46

न लोके राजते मूर्खः केवलात्मप्रशंसया ।
अपि चेह मृजा हीनः कृतविद्यः प्रकाशते ॥४६॥

46. na loke rājate mūrkhaḥ kevalātmapraśaṁsayā ,
api ceha mṛjā hīnaḥ kṛtavidyaḥ prakāśate.

46. na loke rājate mūrkhaḥ kevalātmapraśaṃsayā
api ca iha mṛjā hīnaḥ kṛtavidyaḥ prakāśate

46. A fool does not shine in the world merely through self-praise (ātman). But even in this world, a learned person shines forth, even if they lack outward refinement.

46. טיפש אינו זוהר בעולם רק בשבח עצמי. ואילו מי שחסר ליטוש אך למד, מאיר גם בעולם הזה.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• राजते (rājate) - shines, appears, reigns

• मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - a fool, an ignorant person

• केवलात्मप्रशंसया (kevalātmapraśaṁsayā) - by mere self-praise (ātman)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, (introduces a clause)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• मृजा (mṛjā) - outward refinement (cleanliness, purity, elegance)

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

• कृतविद्यः (kṛtavidyaḥ) - a learned person, one who has acquired knowledge

• प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, becomes visible, is illustrious

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, space

Root: lok (class 1)

राजते (rājate) - shines, appears, reigns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of rāj

Present middle indicative

3rd person singular, present tense

Root: rāj (class 1)

मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - a fool, an ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrkha

mūrkha - foolish, ignorant, stupid, a fool

Note: Subject of `rājate`.

केवलात्मप्रशंसया (kevalātmapraśaṁsayā) - by mere self-praise (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kevalātmapraśaṃsā

kevalātmapraśaṁsā - mere self-praise

Karmadhāraya compound: `kevala` + `ātmapraśaṃsā`. `ātmapraśaṃsā` is a tatpuruṣa compound `ātman` + `praśaṃsā`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kevala+ātmapraśaṃsā)

• kevala – sole, alone, mere, whole
  adjective
• ātmapraśaṃsā – self-praise, praise of oneself (ātman)
  noun (feminine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound `ātman` + `praśaṃsā`.

अपि (api) - even, also, too, (introduces a clause)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

मृजा (mṛjā) - outward refinement (cleanliness, purity, elegance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mṛjā

mṛjā - cleansing, purity, elegance, beauty, neatness

From root `mṛj`.

Root: mṛj (class 2)

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deprived of, deficient, inferior, base

Past Passive Participle

From root `hā` (to abandon, quit). Here usually takes instrumental case for what is lacking.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `kṛtavidyaḥ`.

कृतविद्यः (kṛtavidyaḥ) - a learned person, one who has acquired knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavidya

kṛtavidya - learned, educated, having acquired knowledge

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one by whom knowledge (vidyā) has been done (kṛta)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+vidyā)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ`.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root `vid`.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of `prakāśate`.

प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, becomes visible, is illustrious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of prakāś

Present middle indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

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