महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-43

न पापं प्रति पापः स्यात्साधुरेव सदा भवेत् ।
आत्मनैव हतः पापो यः पापं कर्तुमिच्छति ॥४३॥

43. na pāpaṁ prati pāpaḥ syātsādhureva sadā bhavet ,
ātmanaiva hataḥ pāpo yaḥ pāpaṁ kartumicchati.

43. na pāpam prati pāpaḥ syāt sādhuḥ eva sadā bhavet
| ātmanā eva hataḥ pāpaḥ yaḥ pāpam kartum icchati

43. One should not be evil towards evil; rather, one should always be virtuous. An evil person who desires to commit sin is destroyed by their own self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wickedness

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in response to

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - an evil person, sinner

• स्यात् (syāt) - one should be

• साधुः (sādhuḥ) - a virtuous person, good person

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be, become

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, by the self (ātman)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, destroyed, smitten

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - an evil person, sinner

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wickedness

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to commit

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wickedness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad, wicked, misfortune

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in response to

(indeclinable)

पापः (pāpaḥ) - an evil person, sinner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad, wicked, a sinner

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

साधुः (sādhuḥ) - a virtuous person, good person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, excellent, saint

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be, become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, by the self (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, ego (ātman)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, destroyed, smitten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, smitten, hurt

Past Passive Participle

Root: han (class 2)

पापः (pāpaḥ) - an evil person, sinner

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad, wicked, a sinner

Note: Here functioning as a substantive (wicked one).

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

पापम् (pāpam) - evil, sin, wickedness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad, wicked, misfortune

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to commit

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)