महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-89

त्रीण्येव तु पदान्याहुः सतां वृत्तमनुत्तमम् ।
न द्रुह्येच्चैव दद्याच्च सत्यं चैव सदा वदेत् ॥८९॥

89. trīṇyeva tu padānyāhuḥ satāṁ vṛttamanuttamam ,
na druhyeccaiva dadyācca satyaṁ caiva sadā vadet.

89. trīṇi eva tu padāni āhuḥ satām vṛttam anuttamam na
druhye-t ca eva dadyā-t ca satyam ca eva sadā vadet

89. They say that the unsurpassed conduct of virtuous people consists of only three tenets: one should not bear ill-will, one should be charitable, and one should always speak the truth.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पदानि (padāni) - steps, parts, tenets

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they have said

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, course

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, best

• न (na) - not

• द्रुह्ये-त् (druhye-t) - one should bear malice, one should injure

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• दद्या-त् (dadyā-t) - one should give, one should bestow

• च (ca) - and

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

• वदेत् (vadet) - one should speak

Words meanings and morphology

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

(numeral)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पदानि (padāni) - steps, parts, tenets

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pada

pada - step, foot, word, part, tenet

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they have said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of āh

root brū, perfect form

Root: brū (class 2)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

Present participle of as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, course

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, course, existence

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, best

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• uttama – highest, best, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

द्रुह्ये-त् (druhye-t) - one should bear malice, one should injure

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of druh

Root: druh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

दद्या-त् (dadyā-t) - one should give, one should bestow

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, true, real

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

वदेत् (vadet) - one should speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)