महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-30

राजानो हि स्वधर्मेण श्रियमिच्छन्ति भूयसीम् ।
सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां त्राता राजा भवत्युत ॥३०॥

30. rājāno hi svadharmeṇa śriyamicchanti bhūyasīm ,
sarveṣāmeva varṇānāṁ trātā rājā bhavatyuta.

30. rājānaḥ hi svadharmeṇa śriyam icchanti bhūyasīm
sarveṣām eva varṇānām trātā rājā bhavati uta

30. Indeed, kings desire abundant prosperity through their own intrinsic nature (dharma). Moreover, the king becomes the protector of all social classes (varṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own (dharma), by one's own duty or nature

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, wealth, glory

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire, wish for, seek

• भूयसीम् (bhūyasīm) - abundant, greater, more

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes

• त्राता (trātā) - protector, savior

• राजा (rājā) - king

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

Words meanings and morphology

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'icchanti'

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own (dharma), by one's own duty or nature

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own (dharma), one's own duty, intrinsic nature, natural law

Compound of sva (own) and dharma (duty/nature)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, cosmic order
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Means by which prosperity is desired

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, wealth, glory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, good fortune

Note: Object of 'icchanti'

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire, wish for, seek

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of icchanti

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root iṣ (to wish, desire), class 6

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Predicate verb

भूयसीम् (bhūyasīm) - abundant, greater, more

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūyasī

bhūyasī - abundant, greater, more, excessive

Comparative degree of bahu (much)

Note: Agrees with 'śriyam'

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'varṇānām'

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, social class, caste, sound, letter

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Possession or relation

त्राता (trātā) - protector, savior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trātṛ

trātṛ - protector, preserver, savior

Agent noun

Derived from root trā (to protect)

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'rājā'

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhavati'

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhavati

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root bhū (to be, become), class 1

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

(indeclinable)