महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-63

ये तु धर्ममसूयन्ते बुद्धिमोहान्विता नराः ।
अपथा गच्छतां तेषामनुयातापि पीड्यते ॥६३॥

63. ye tu dharmamasūyante buddhimohānvitā narāḥ ,
apathā gacchatāṁ teṣāmanuyātāpi pīḍyate.

63. ye tu dharmam asūyante buddhimohānvitāḥ narāḥ
apathā gacchatām teṣām anuyātā api pīḍyate

63. But those people who are afflicted by mental delusion and are hostile towards natural law (dharma)—even a follower of such individuals, who are treading a wrong path, suffers.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, righteous conduct

• असूयन्ते (asūyante) - they envy, they are hostile to, they criticize

• बुद्धिमोहान्विताः (buddhimohānvitāḥ) - endowed with mental delusion, accompanied by delusion of intellect

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

• अपथा (apathā) - by a wrong path, wrongly

• गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those going, moving

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• अनुयाता (anuyātā) - a follower, attendant

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is tormented, is afflicted, suffers

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to narāḥ.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

particle

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, righteous conduct

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteous conduct, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of asūyante.

असूयन्ते (asūyante) - they envy, they are hostile to, they criticize

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of asūya

Present Middle

Denominative verb from asūyā (envy), atmanepada (middle voice), 3rd person plural.

बुद्धिमोहान्विताः (buddhimohānvitāḥ) - endowed with mental delusion, accompanied by delusion of intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddhimohānvita

buddhimohānvita - endowed with mental delusion, overcome by intellectual bewilderment

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (buddhimoha+anvita)

• buddhi – intellect, reason, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  derived from root budh (to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• moha – delusion, bewilderment, infatuation
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root muh (to be bewildered)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• anvita – accompanied by, endowed with, followed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from anu-i (to follow) + kta suffix
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with narāḥ.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of asūyante.

अपथा (apathā) - by a wrong path, wrongly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apatha

apatha - wrong path, bad road, deviation

compound of 'a' (negation) and 'patha' (path)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+patha)

• a – not, un-, negation
  indeclinable
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes how they are going.

गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those going, moving

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, walking

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go) + śatṛ suffix, in the form gacchat.

Root: gam (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to narāḥ.

अनुयाता (anuyātā) - a follower, attendant

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anuyātṛ

anuyātṛ - follower, attendant, companion

from anu-yā (to follow) + agent suffix -tṛ

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject of pīḍyate.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

particle

Note: Emphasizes 'even a follower'.

पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is tormented, is afflicted, suffers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present Passive

from root pīḍ (to oppress), passive form.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: The subject is anuyātā.