महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-198, verse-27
जनकस्येह विप्रर्षे विकर्मस्थो न विद्यते ।
स्वकर्मनिरता वर्णाश्चत्वारोऽपि द्विजोत्तम ॥२७॥
स्वकर्मनिरता वर्णाश्चत्वारोऽपि द्विजोत्तम ॥२७॥
27. janakasyeha viprarṣe vikarmastho na vidyate ,
svakarmaniratā varṇāścatvāro'pi dvijottama.
svakarmaniratā varṇāścatvāro'pi dvijottama.
27.
janakasya iha viprarṣe vikarmasthaḥ na vidyate
svakarmaniratāḥ varṇāḥ catvāraḥ api dvijottama
svakarmaniratāḥ varṇāḥ catvāraḥ api dvijottama
27.
O Brahmin-sage, here in Janaka's (kingdom), no one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) is found. All four social classes (varṇa) are devoted to their own proper duties (karma), O best of Brahmins.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka
- इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this kingdom
- विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin-sage!
- विकर्मस्थः (vikarmasthaḥ) - one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) (one engaged in wrong actions, one situated in improper conduct)
- न (na) - not, no
- विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present
- स्वकर्मनिरताः (svakarmaniratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (karma) (devoted to their own duties, intent on their own actions)
- वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes, colors
- चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four
- अपि (api) - even, also
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins!
Words meanings and morphology
जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of janaka
janaka - Janaka (proper noun, name of a king), father, progenitor
इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this kingdom
(indeclinable)
विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin-sage!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi
viprarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage who is also a Brahmin
Compound type : Karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)
- vipra – Brahmin, inspired, learned
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
noun (masculine)
Root: ṛṣ
विकर्मस्थः (vikarmasthaḥ) - one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) (one engaged in wrong actions, one situated in improper conduct)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarmastha
vikarmastha - one standing in improper conduct, one engaged in wrong actions
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vikarman+stha)
- vikarman – improper action, wrong action, transgression
noun (neuter)
Prefix: vi - stha – standing, situated, being in, existing
adjective (masculine)
Root 'sthā' with Kṛt suffix 'a'
Root: sthā (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of vid
Root: vid (class 4)
स्वकर्मनिरताः (svakarmaniratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (karma) (devoted to their own duties, intent on their own actions)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of svakarmanirata
svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duties/actions
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+karman+nirata)
- sva – one's own, self, property
pronoun - karman – action, deed, duty, ritual
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ - nirata – devoted, engaged, intent on, delighted in
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root 'ram' with prefix 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: ram (class 1)
वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes, colors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - color, tint, appearance, class, caste, social order
चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of catur
catur - four
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins), chief of Brahmins
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), bird, tooth
noun (masculine)
Derived from 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born)
Root: jan - uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
adjective (masculine)