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3,198

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-27

जनकस्येह विप्रर्षे विकर्मस्थो न विद्यते ।
स्वकर्मनिरता वर्णाश्चत्वारोऽपि द्विजोत्तम ॥२७॥
27. janakasyeha viprarṣe vikarmastho na vidyate ,
svakarmaniratā varṇāścatvāro'pi dvijottama.
27. janakasya iha viprarṣe vikarmasthaḥ na vidyate
svakarmaniratāḥ varṇāḥ catvāraḥ api dvijottama
27. O Brahmin-sage, here in Janaka's (kingdom), no one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) is found. All four social classes (varṇa) are devoted to their own proper duties (karma), O best of Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka
  • इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this kingdom
  • विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin-sage!
  • विकर्मस्थः (vikarmasthaḥ) - one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) (one engaged in wrong actions, one situated in improper conduct)
  • (na) - not, no
  • विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present
  • स्वकर्मनिरताः (svakarmaniratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (karma) (devoted to their own duties, intent on their own actions)
  • वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes, colors
  • चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four
  • अपि (api) - even, also
  • द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins!

Words meanings and morphology

जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of janaka
janaka - Janaka (proper noun, name of a king), father, progenitor
इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this kingdom
(indeclinable)
विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin-sage!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi
viprarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage who is also a Brahmin
Compound type : Karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)
  • vipra – Brahmin, inspired, learned
    noun (masculine)
  • ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
    noun (masculine)
    Root: ṛṣ
विकर्मस्थः (vikarmasthaḥ) - one engaged in improper actions (vikarma) (one engaged in wrong actions, one situated in improper conduct)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarmastha
vikarmastha - one standing in improper conduct, one engaged in wrong actions
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vikarman+stha)
  • vikarman – improper action, wrong action, transgression
    noun (neuter)
    Prefix: vi
  • stha – standing, situated, being in, existing
    adjective (masculine)
    Root 'sthā' with Kṛt suffix 'a'
    Root: sthā (class 1)
(na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of vid
Root: vid (class 4)
स्वकर्मनिरताः (svakarmaniratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (karma) (devoted to their own duties, intent on their own actions)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of svakarmanirata
svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duties/actions
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+karman+nirata)
  • sva – one's own, self, property
    pronoun
  • karman – action, deed, duty, ritual
    noun (neuter)
    Root: kṛ
  • nirata – devoted, engaged, intent on, delighted in
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    Past Passive Participle of root 'ram' with prefix 'ni'
    Prefix: ni
    Root: ram (class 1)
वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - social classes, castes, colors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - color, tint, appearance, class, caste, social order
चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of catur
catur - four
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins), chief of Brahmins
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
  • dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), bird, tooth
    noun (masculine)
    Derived from 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born)
    Root: jan
  • uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
    adjective (masculine)