महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-72

आरम्भो न्याययुक्तो यः स हि धर्म इति स्मृतः ।
अनाचारस्त्वधर्मेति एतच्छिष्टानुशासनम् ॥७२॥

72. ārambho nyāyayukto yaḥ sa hi dharma iti smṛtaḥ ,
anācārastvadharmeti etacchiṣṭānuśāsanam.

72. ārambhaḥ nyāyayuktaḥ yaḥ saḥ hi dharmaḥ iti smṛtaḥ
anācāraḥ tu adharmaḥ iti etat śiṣṭānuśāsanam

72. Any undertaking (ārambha) that is just (nyāyayukta) is indeed regarded as natural law (dharma). Conversely, improper conduct (anācāra) is considered unrighteousness (adharma). This is the teaching (anuśāsana) of the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• आरम्भः (ārambhaḥ) - undertaking (ārambha) (undertaking, beginning, endeavor)

• न्याययुक्तः (nyāyayuktaḥ) - just (connected with justice, lawful, righteous)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (referring to ārambhaḥ) (who, whoever, which)

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to ārambhaḥ) (he, that)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is regarded as (remembered, considered, taught)

• अनाचारः (anācāraḥ) - improper conduct (anācāra) (improper conduct, misconduct, unrighteousness)

• तु (tu) - conversely (but, indeed, however)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (adharma) (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (this, this one)

• शिष्टानुशासनम् (śiṣṭānuśāsanam) - teaching of the virtuous (instruction of the virtuous, teaching of the learned)

Words meanings and morphology

आरम्भः (ārambhaḥ) - undertaking (ārambha) (undertaking, beginning, endeavor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārambha

ārambha - beginning, undertaking, enterprise, effort

From 'ā' (prefix) + root 'rabh' (to begin, undertake).

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Subject.

न्याययुक्तः (nyāyayuktaḥ) - just (connected with justice, lawful, righteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyāyayukta

nyāyayukta - connected with justice, lawful, proper, righteous

Compound of 'nyāya' (justice) and 'yukta' (joined, endowed with, proper). 'yukta' is a PPP.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nyāya+yukta)

• nyāya – justice, rule, method, logic
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ni' (prefix) + 'ā' (prefix) + root 'i' (to go).
  Prefixes: ni+ā
  Root: i (class 2)
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, proper, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yuj' (to join, connect) + 'kta' suffix.
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'ārambhaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - which (referring to ārambhaḥ) (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Connects relative clause.

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to ārambhaḥ) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support, maintain) + suffix 'man'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Marks indirect speech or classification.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is regarded as (remembered, considered, taught)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, taught, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'smṛ' (to remember) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ārambhaḥ' and 'saḥ'.

अनाचारः (anācāraḥ) - improper conduct (anācāra) (improper conduct, misconduct, unrighteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anācāra

anācāra - improper conduct, misconduct, irregular behavior, unrighteousness

Compound of 'an' (negation) + 'ācāra' (conduct).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ācāra)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ā' (prefix) + root 'car' (to move, go, practice).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - conversely (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (adharma) (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, vice, evil

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'dharma' (natural law, righteousness).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support, maintain) + suffix 'man'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'anācāraḥ'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Marks indirect speech or classification.

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

शिष्टानुशासनम् (śiṣṭānuśāsanam) - teaching of the virtuous (instruction of the virtuous, teaching of the learned)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiṣṭānuśāsana

śiṣṭānuśāsana - instruction of the virtuous, teaching of the learned, precept of the wise

Compound of 'śiṣṭa' (virtuous, learned) and 'anuśāsana' (instruction, teaching).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śiṣṭa+anuśāsana)

• śiṣṭa – virtuous, learned, cultured, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śiṣ' (to discipline, teach).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• anuśāsana – instruction, teaching, command, discipline
  noun (neuter)
  From 'anu' (prefix) + root 'śās' (to teach, command) + suffix 'ana'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'etat'.