महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-50

पापान्यबुद्ध्वेह पुरा कृतानि प्राग्धर्मशीलो विनिहन्ति पश्चात् ।
धर्मो ब्रह्मन्नुदते पूरुषाणां यत्कुर्वते पापमिह प्रमादात् ॥५०॥

50. pāpānyabuddhveha purā kṛtāni; prāgdharmaśīlo vinihanti paścāt ,
dharmo brahmannudate pūruṣāṇāṁ; yatkurvate pāpamiha pramādāt.

50. pāpāni abuddhvā iha purā kṛtāni
prāk dharmaśīlaḥ vinihanti paścāt
| dharmaḥ brahman udate pūruṣāṇāṃ
yat kurvate pāpam iha pramādāt

50. A person who was formerly of a righteous (dharma) nature (śīla) later destroys the sins committed here unknowingly. O Brahmin, the path of natural law (dharma) arises for those people who commit sin here due to negligence.

50. מי שבעבר, בלא דעת, עשה חטאים בעולם הזה ואחר כך נוהג ביושר, מבטל אותם. הו בְּרַהְמִין, היושר דוחה את החטא שבני אדם עושים כאן מתוך רשלנות.

Words meanings summery:

• पापानि (pāpāni) - sins (sins, evils)

• अबुद्ध्वा (abuddhvā) - unknowingly (unknowingly, without knowing)

• इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

• पुरा (purā) - previously (formerly, anciently, previously)

• कृतानि (kṛtāni) - committed (done, made, performed)

• प्राक् (prāk) - formerly (before, formerly, eastward)

• धर्मशीलः (dharmaśīlaḥ) - of a righteous (dharma) nature (śīla) (righteous by nature, virtuous, observant of duty)

• विनिहन्ति (vinihanti) - destroys (destroys, eradicates, strikes down)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - later (afterwards, behind, later)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the path of natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O learned one)

• उदते (udate) - arises (rises, appears, comes forth)

• पूरुषाणाम् (pūruṣāṇām) - for those people (of men, of persons, for men, for persons)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they commit (they do, they make, they perform)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wrong)

• इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

• प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to negligence (from negligence, through carelessness)

Words meanings and morphology

पापानि (pāpāni) - sins (sins, evils)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked, bad

Note: Could also be accusative plural. Context indicates nominative as object of 'vinihanti' or subject of 'kṛtāni'.

अबुद्ध्वा (abuddhvā) - unknowingly (unknowingly, without knowing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Formed from root 'budh' + suffix 'tvā'.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: 'a' + 'buddhvā'.

इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - previously (formerly, anciently, previously)

(indeclinable)

कृतानि (kṛtāni) - committed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished, deed, act

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'kṛ' + suffix 'kta'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing 'pāpāni'.

प्राक् (prāk) - formerly (before, formerly, eastward)

(indeclinable)

धर्मशीलः (dharmaśīlaḥ) - of a righteous (dharma) nature (śīla) (righteous by nature, virtuous, observant of duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaśīla

dharmaśīla - righteous by nature, virtuous, having a moral character, observant of duty

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dharma+śīla)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct, virtue
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'person'.

विनिहन्ति (vinihanti) - destroys (destroys, eradicates, strikes down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present tense, active voice, third person singular.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

पश्चात् (paścāt) - later (afterwards, behind, later)

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the path of natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O learned one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, learned man, a religious student, the Absolute (brahman), prayer, sacred text

Root: bṛh (class 1)

उदते (udate) - arises (rises, appears, comes forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ī

Present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada), third person singular.

Prefix: ud

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: From root 'ī' with prefix 'ud'.

पूरुषाणाम् (pūruṣāṇām) - for those people (of men, of persons, for men, for persons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the Supreme Person (puruṣa)

Note: Genitive can also denote purpose or relation, 'for them'.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Agrees with 'pāpam'.

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they commit (they do, they make, they perform)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada), third person plural.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wrong)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked, bad

Note: Object of 'kurvate'.

इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to negligence (from negligence, through carelessness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - negligence, carelessness, inadvertence, error

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Denotes cause.

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