महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-8

अश्वै रथैस्तथा नागैर्यानैश्च बहुभिर्वृताम् ।
हृष्टपुष्टजनाकीर्णां नित्योत्सवसमाकुलाम् ॥८॥

8. aśvai rathaistathā nāgairyānaiśca bahubhirvṛtām ,
hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇāṁ nityotsavasamākulām.

8. aśvaiḥ rathaiḥ tathā nāgaiḥ yānaiḥ ca bahubhiḥ
vṛtām hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇām nityotsavasamākulām

8. It was bustling with many horses, chariots, elephants, and other vehicles. It was also crowded with cheerful and well-nourished people, and constantly filled with festivals.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

• नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (in context of vehicles) (by elephants, by serpents)

• यानैः (yānaiḥ) - by vehicles, by conveyances

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous

• वृताम् (vṛtām) - surrounded, covered, filled

• हृष्टपुष्टजनाकीर्णाम् (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇām) - filled with cheerful and well-nourished people

• नित्योत्सवसमाकुलाम् (nityotsavasamākulām) - crowded with constant festivals

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse, stallion

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Agent of `vṛtām`.

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: rath (class 1)

Note: Agent of `vṛtām`.

तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (in context of vehicles) (by elephants, by serpents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant, mountain, Nāga (mythical being)

Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Agent of `vṛtām`.

यानैः (yānaiḥ) - by vehicles, by conveyances

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of yāna

yāna - vehicle, conveyance, going, journey

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agent of `vṛtām`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

वृताम् (vṛtām) - surrounded, covered, filled

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtā

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛ (to cover, enclose). Feminine form.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

हृष्टपुष्टजनाकीर्णाम् (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇām) - filled with cheerful and well-nourished people

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇā

hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇa - crowded with cheerful and robust people

Bahuvrihi compound describing the city (Mithila).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛṣṭa+puṣṭa+jana+ākīrṇa)

• hṛṣṭa – pleased, joyful, cheerful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √hṛṣ.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• puṣṭa – nourished, thriving, strong, well-fed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √puṣ.
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ākīrṇa – filled, crowded, strewn, covered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṝ with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṝ (class 6)

Note: `hṛṣṭapuṣṭa` is a dvandva compound. `hṛṣṭapuṣṭajana` is a tatpurusha. The entire compound `hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇa` is a Bahuvrihi.

नित्योत्सवसमाकुलाम् (nityotsavasamākulām) - crowded with constant festivals

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nityotsavasamākulā

nityotsavasamākulā - filled with perpetual festivals

Bahuvrihi compound describing the city (Mithila).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nitya+utsava+samākula)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal, regular
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: nī (class 1)
• utsava – festival, celebration, joyous occasion
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: su (class 5)
• samākula – crowded, confused, agitated, filled with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (implied from root meaning)
  Derived from root √kul with prefixes sam- and ā-.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 10)

Note: `nityotsava` is a Karmadhāraya compound. The entire compound `nityotsavasamākula` is a Bahuvrihi.