महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-198, verse-13

एकपत्न्या यदुक्तोऽसि गच्छ त्वं मिथिलामिति ।
जानाम्येतदहं सर्वं यदर्थं त्वमिहागतः ॥१३॥

13. ekapatnyā yadukto'si gaccha tvaṁ mithilāmiti ,
jānāmyetadahaṁ sarvaṁ yadarthaṁ tvamihāgataḥ.

13. ekapatnyā yad uktaḥ asi gaccha tvam mithilām iti
jānāmi etat aham sarvam yadartham tvam iha āgataḥ

13. You were told by a devoted wife (ekapatnī), 'Go to Mithilā.' I know all this, for the purpose for which you have come here.

Words meanings summery:

• एकपत्न्या (ekapatnyā) - by a devoted wife, by a chaste wife

• यद् (yad) - because (that which, because, as)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, instructed (said, spoken, told)

• असि (asi) - you are

• गच्छ (gaccha) - you go (go, you go)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

• मिथिलाम् (mithilām) - to the city of Mithilā (to Mithilā)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking the end of a quote) (thus, so, in this manner)

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know (I know, I understand)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this, all this)

• अहम् (aham) - I (speaker) (I)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (referring to "this") (all, entire, whole)

• यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for the purpose for which (for what purpose, for which reason)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

• इह (iha) - here (to this place) (here, in this world)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come (arrived, come)

Words meanings and morphology

एकपत्न्या (ekapatnyā) - by a devoted wife, by a chaste wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ekapatnī

ekapatnī - a woman devoted to one husband, a chaste wife, a virtuous wife

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+patnī)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral/adjective
• patnī – wife, mistress, female owner
  noun (feminine)

यद् (yad) - because (that which, because, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as a conjunction, 'that', or 'because'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, instructed (said, spoken, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'tvam' (you).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Active Indicative

Root: as (class 2)

गच्छ (gaccha) - you go (go, you go)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of gam

Imperative Active

From root gam, class 1

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

मिथिलाम् (mithilām) - to the city of Mithilā (to Mithilā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mithilā

mithilā - Mithilā (name of a city)

Note: Object of motion (gaccha).

इति (iti) - thus (marking the end of a quote) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech.

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know (I know, I understand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of jñā

Present Active Indicative

From root jñā, class 9

Root: jñā (class 9)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the whole situation) (this, all this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Object of jānāmi.

अहम् (aham) - I (speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of jānāmi.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (referring to "this") (all, entire, whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Adjectival form of 'sarva', modifying 'etat'.

यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for the purpose for which (for what purpose, for which reason)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yad+artha)

• yad – which, what
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of āgataḥ.

इह (iha) - here (to this place) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come (arrived, come)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an active past participle with 'tvam'.