वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-116, verse-87

आसन् वर्षसहस्राणि तथा पुत्रसहस्रिणः ।
निरामया विशोकाश्च रामे राज्यं प्रशासति ॥८७॥

87. āsan varṣasahasrāṇi tathā putrasahasriṇaḥ ,
nirāmayā viśokāśca rāme rājyaṃ praśāsati.

87. āsan varṣasahastrāṇi tathā putrasahasriṇaḥ
nirāmayāḥ viśokāḥ ca rāme rājyam praśāsati

87. When Rama was administering the kingdom, people lived for thousands of years, and they were free from sickness and sorrow, having thousands of sons.

Words meanings summery:

• आसन् (āsan) - they were, existed

• वर्षसहस्त्राणि (varṣasahastrāṇi) - thousands of years

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, and, also)

• पुत्रसहस्रिणः (putrasahasriṇaḥ) - having thousands of sons

• निरामयाः (nirāmayāḥ) - free from illness, healthy

• विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - free from sorrow, sorrowless

• च (ca) - and, also

• रामे (rāme) - when Rama (in locative absolute) (in Rama, concerning Rama)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, rule, sovereignty)

• प्रशासति (praśāsati) - while ruling, administering (ruling, governing, administering)

Words meanings and morphology

आसन् (āsan) - they were, existed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वर्षसहस्त्राणि (varṣasahastrāṇi) - thousands of years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound of 'varṣa' (year) and 'sahasra' (thousand).

Compound type : dvigu (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating duration.

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as a conjunction here.

पुत्रसहस्रिणः (putrasahasriṇaḥ) - having thousands of sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putrasahasrin

putrasahasrin - having a thousand sons, accompanied by thousands of sons

Compound of 'putra' (son) and 'sahasrin' (having a thousand).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (putra+sahasrin)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sahasrin – having a thousand
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective derived from sahasra (thousand) with suffix -in

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (people).

निरामयाः (nirāmayāḥ) - free from illness, healthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirāmaya

nirāmaya - free from sickness, healthy, sound

Compound of 'nir' (without) and 'āmaya' (sickness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+āmaya)

• nir – without, out of
  indeclinable
  Negative/privative prefix
• āmaya – sickness, disease, illness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (people).

विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - free from sorrow, sorrowless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśoka

viśoka - free from sorrow, happy, cheerful

Compound of 'vi' (without, negation) and 'śoka' (sorrow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śoka)

• vi – without, apart, negation
  indeclinable
  Prefix for separation or negation
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (people).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रामे (rāme) - when Rama (in locative absolute) (in Rama, concerning Rama)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasant, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, rule, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, dominion, rule

From 'rājan' (king)

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'praśāsati' in the locative absolute.

प्रशासति (praśāsati) - while ruling, administering (ruling, governing, administering)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of praśāsat

praśāsat - ruling, governing, administering

Present Active Participle

From root 'śās' (to rule, to command) with prefix 'pra' (forth, intensely).

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'rāme'.