वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-116, verse-20

अर्कमण्डलसंकाशं दिव्यं दृष्ट्वा रथं स्थितम् ।
आरुरोह महाबाहू रामः सत्यपराक्रमः ॥२०॥

20. arkamaṇḍalasaṃkāśaṃ divyaṃ dṛṣṭvā rathaṃ sthitam ,
āruroha mahābāhū rāmaḥ satyaparākramaḥ.

20. arkamaṇḍalasaṃkāśam divyam dr̥ṣṭvā ratham
sthitam ārurūha mahābāhuḥ rāmaḥ satyaparākramaḥ

20. divyam arkamaṇḍalasaṃkāśam sthitam ratham
dr̥ṣṭvā mahābāhuḥ satyaparākramaḥ rāmaḥ ārurūha

20. Having seen the divine chariot, resembling the sun's orb, standing ready, Rāma, the mighty-armed one of true valor, mounted it.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्कमण्डलसंकाशम् (arkamaṇḍalasaṁkāśam) - resembling the sun's orb (resembling the disk of the sun, sun-like)

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, splendid)

• द्र्̥ष्ट्वा (dr̥ṣṭvā) - having seen

• रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing ready (standing, situated, ready)

• आरुरूह (ārurūha) - he mounted (it) (he ascended, mounted)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed one (mighty-armed)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• सत्यपराक्रमः (satyaparākramaḥ) - of true valor (of true valor, whose valor is truth)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्कमण्डलसंकाशम् (arkamaṇḍalasaṁkāśam) - resembling the sun's orb (resembling the disk of the sun, sun-like)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arkamaṇḍalasaṃkāśa

arkamaṇḍalasaṁkāśa - resembling the disk of the sun, having the appearance of the sun's orb

Compound: arka (sun) + maṇḍala (disk, orb) + saṃkāśa (resembling, appearing like).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (arka+maṇḍala+saṃkāśa)

• arka – sun, ray, fire, copper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: arc (class 1)
• maṇḍala – disk, orb, circle, region, sphere
  noun (neuter)
  Root: maṇḍ (class 1)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, similar, like, appearance, splendor
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'sam' + root 'kāś' (to shine, appear).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'ratham'.

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, splendid)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent, splendid

From 'div' (heaven).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'ratham'.

द्र्̥ष्ट्वा (dr̥ṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dr̥ś' + suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dr̥ś (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rā

Note: Object of 'dr̥ṣṭvā'.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing ready (standing, situated, ready)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, placed, situated, present, firm, ready

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'ratham'.

आरुरूह (ārurūha) - he mounted (it) (he ascended, mounted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āruh

Perfect 3rd singular

From prefix 'ā' + root 'ruh', perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed one (mighty-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having mighty arms, mighty-armed

From 'mahā' (great) + 'bāhu' (arm).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Stem of 'mahat'.
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with 'rāmaḥ'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

सत्यपराक्रमः (satyaparākramaḥ) - of true valor (of true valor, whose valor is truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyaparākrama

satyaparākrama - having true valor, whose prowess is truth, of real might

From 'satya' (truth) + 'parākrama' (valor, prowess).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+parākrama)

• satya – true, real, truth
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'sat' (being, existing, good) + 'ya'.
  Root: as (class 2)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, might, courage, exertion
  noun (masculine)
  From 'parā' + root 'kram' (to step, exert).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with 'rāmaḥ'.