महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-188, verse-61

दस्युप्रपीडिता राजन्काका इव द्विजोत्तमाः ।
कुराजभिश्च सततं करभारप्रपीडिताः ॥६१॥

61. dasyuprapīḍitā rājankākā iva dvijottamāḥ ,
kurājabhiśca satataṁ karabhāraprapīḍitāḥ.

61. dasyuprāpīḍitāḥ rājan kākāḥ iva dvijottamāḥ
kurājabhiḥ ca satatam karabhāraprāpīḍitāḥ

61. O King, the most excellent of the twice-born (dvija), oppressed by robbers, will be like crows. And they will be constantly tormented by the burden of taxes imposed by bad kings.

Words meanings summery:

• दस्युप्रापीडिताः (dasyuprāpīḍitāḥ) - oppressed by bandits, tormented by robbers

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• काकाः (kākāḥ) - crows

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्विजोत्तमाः (dvijottamāḥ) - best among Brahmins (dvija) (excellent twice-born ones, best among Brahmins)

• कुराजभिः (kurājabhiḥ) - by bad kings, by evil rulers

• च (ca) - and, also

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always

• करभारप्रापीडिताः (karabhāraprāpīḍitāḥ) - tormented by the burden of taxes, oppressed by heavy taxes

Words meanings and morphology

दस्युप्रापीडिताः (dasyuprāpīḍitāḥ) - oppressed by bandits, tormented by robbers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyuprāpīḍita

dasyuprāpīḍita - oppressed by robbers

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from `dasyu` (robber) and `prāpīḍita` (oppressed). `prāpīḍita` is PPP of `pra` + `√pīḍ` (to oppress).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dasyu+prāpīḍita)

• dasyu – robber, bandit
  noun (masculine)
• prāpīḍita – oppressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra` (prefix) + `√pīḍ` (to oppress, torment) + `kta` suffix (PPP).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `dvijottamāḥ`.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

काकाः (kākāḥ) - crows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāka

kāka - crow

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

द्विजोत्तमाः (dvijottamāḥ) - best among Brahmins (dvija) (excellent twice-born ones, best among Brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born

Compound of `dvija` (twice-born) and `uttama` (best, excellent).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of `ut`.

Note: Refers to Brahmins.

कुराजभिः (kurājabhiḥ) - by bad kings, by evil rulers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kurāja

kurāja - bad king, evil ruler

Compound of `ku` (bad) and `rāja` (king).

Compound type : Pravriddha Tatpurusha (ku+rāja)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible
  indeclinable
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From `√rāj` (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Indicates agency for the oppression.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always

(indeclinable)

From `sa` (with) + `tata` (spread, extended, from `√tan`). `sa-tata` is 'always going on'.

Note: Used adverbially here (accusative neuter singular form).

करभारप्रापीडिताः (karabhāraprāpīḍitāḥ) - tormented by the burden of taxes, oppressed by heavy taxes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of karabhāraprāpīḍita

karabhāraprāpīḍita - tormented by tax burdens

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from `karabhāra` (tax burden) and `prāpīḍita` (oppressed). `prāpīḍita` is PPP of `pra` + `√pīḍ` (to oppress).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (karabhāra+prāpīḍita)

• karabhāra – burden of taxes, tax-load
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `kara` (tax) and `bhāra` (burden).
• prāpīḍita – oppressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra` (prefix) + `√pīḍ` (to oppress, torment) + `kta` suffix (PPP).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `dvijottamāḥ`.