महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-188, verse-43

ये यवान्ना जनपदा गोधूमान्नास्तथैव च ।
तान्देशान्संश्रयिष्यन्ति युगान्ते पर्युपस्थिते ॥४३॥

43. ye yavānnā janapadā godhūmānnāstathaiva ca ,
tāndeśānsaṁśrayiṣyanti yugānte paryupasthite.

43. ye yavānnāḥ janapadāḥ godhūmānnāḥ tathā eva ca
tān deśān saṃśrayiṣyanti yugānte paryupastite

43. When the end of the age (yuga) is imminent, people will seek refuge in those very countries whose staple food is barley, and likewise in those whose staple food is wheat.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which (masculine plural nominative relative pronoun)

• यवान्नाः (yavānnāḥ) - whose food is barley, subsisting on barley

• जनपदाः (janapadāḥ) - countries, regions

• गोधूमान्नाः (godhūmānnāḥ) - whose food is wheat, subsisting on wheat

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• च (ca) - and

• तान् (tān) - those

• देशान् (deśān) - regions, countries

• संश्रयिष्यन्ति (saṁśrayiṣyanti) - they will resort to, they will seek refuge in

• युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of the age (yuga)

• पर्युपस्तिते (paryupastite) - when it has arrived, when it is imminent, when it is close by

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which (masculine plural nominative relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'janapadāḥ' (countries).

यवान्नाः (yavānnāḥ) - whose food is barley, subsisting on barley

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yavānna

yavānna - barley-food, whose food is barley

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yava+anna)

• yava – barley
  noun (masculine)
• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'janapadāḥ'. Visarga restored as per 'no sandhi' rule; in original Devanagari, it appears as 'yavānnā' due to sandhi/poetic license.

जनपदाः (janapadāḥ) - countries, regions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janapada

janapada - a country, a kingdom, its inhabitants

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+pada)

• jana – people, man
  noun (masculine)
• pada – foot, place, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Visarga restored as per 'no sandhi' rule; in original Devanagari, it appears as 'janapadā' due to sandhi/poetic license.

गोधूमान्नाः (godhūmānnāḥ) - whose food is wheat, subsisting on wheat

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of godhūmānna

godhūmānna - wheat-food, whose food is wheat

Compound type : bahuvrihi (godhūma+anna)

• godhūma – wheat
  noun (masculine)
• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'janapadāḥ' (implied). Visarga restored as per 'no sandhi' rule.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'tad' (that).

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'janapadāḥ' previously mentioned, serving as the object of 'saṃśrayiṣyanti'.

देशान् (deśān) - regions, countries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, country, region

Note: Object of 'saṃśrayiṣyanti'.

संश्रयिष्यन्ति (saṁśrayiṣyanti) - they will resort to, they will seek refuge in

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of saṃśri

root verb śri (to go, resort to) with upasarga saṃ

Prefix: sam

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Subject 'people' is implied.

युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of the age (yuga)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugānta

yugānta - end of an age (yuga)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuga+anta)

• yuga – age, epoch, yoke
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

पर्युपस्तिते (paryupastite) - when it has arrived, when it is imminent, when it is close by

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of paryupasthita

paryupasthita - present, imminent, arrived, approaching

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with upasargas pari and upa.

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yugānte', forming a locative absolute construction.