महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-188, verse-23

सरित्तीरेषु कुद्दालैर्वापयिष्यन्ति चौषधीः ।
ताश्चाप्यल्पफलास्तेषां भविष्यन्ति युगक्षये ॥२३॥

23. sarittīreṣu kuddālairvāpayiṣyanti cauṣadhīḥ ,
tāścāpyalpaphalāsteṣāṁ bhaviṣyanti yugakṣaye.

23. sarittīreṣu kuddālaiḥ vāpayiṣyanti ca oṣadhīḥ
tāḥ ca api alpaphālāḥ teṣāṃ bhaviṣyanti yugakṣaye

23. At the end of the age (yuga), people will sow herbs and plants on riverbanks with hoes, but even those will yield only meager produce for them.

Words meanings summery:

• सरित्तीरेषु (sarittīreṣu) - on riverbanks, at the edges of rivers

• कुद्दालैः (kuddālaiḥ) - with hoes, by spades, by mattocks

• वापयिष्यन्ति (vāpayiṣyanti) - they will sow, they will cause to sow

• च (ca) - and, also

• ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs, medicinal plants, plants

• ताः (tāḥ) - those plants/herbs (those, them)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अल्पफालाः (alpaphālāḥ) - bearing little fruit, meager in produce

• तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, for them

• भविष्यन्ति (bhaviṣyanti) - they will be, they will become

• युगक्षये (yugakṣaye) - at the end of the age, in the destruction of an epoch

Words meanings and morphology

सरित्तीरेषु (sarittīreṣu) - on riverbanks, at the edges of rivers

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarittīra

sarittīra - riverbank, riverside

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarit+tīra)

• sarit – river
  noun (feminine)
  From root `sṛ` (to flow).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• tīra – bank, shore, edge
  noun (neuter)

कुद्दालैः (kuddālaiḥ) - with hoes, by spades, by mattocks

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuddāla

kuddāla - hoe, spade, mattock

वापयिष्यन्ति (vāpayiṣyanti) - they will sow, they will cause to sow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vap

Future tense, 3rd person plural of the causative stem `vāpaya` (from root `vap`).

Root: vap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs, medicinal plants, plants

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of oṣadhī

oṣadhī - herb, plant, medicinal plant, annual plant

ताः (tāḥ) - those plants/herbs (those, them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अल्पफालाः (alpaphālāḥ) - bearing little fruit, meager in produce

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of alpaphāla

alpaphāla - yielding little fruit/produce, having meager results

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+phala)

• alpa – small, little, few, meager
  adjective
• phala – fruit, result, produce, consequence
  noun (neuter)

तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Genitive can imply 'for them' (dative sense).

भविष्यन्ति (bhaviṣyanti) - they will be, they will become

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future tense, 3rd person plural of `bhū`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

युगक्षये (yugakṣaye) - at the end of the age, in the destruction of an epoch

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugakṣaya

yugakṣaya - end of an age (yuga), destruction of an epoch

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuga+kṣaya)

• yuga – age, epoch, yoke, pair
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, end, loss, decline
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Refers to the end of the current cosmic age.