महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-9

भरद्वाज उवाच ।
नैतस्येह यथास्माकं ब्रह्मबन्धोरचेतसः ।
शोको भार्यापवादेन तेन पीवाञ्शुनःसखः ॥९॥

9. bharadvāja uvāca ,
naitasyeha yathāsmākaṁ brahmabandhoracetasaḥ ,
śoko bhāryāpavādena tena pīvāñśunaḥsakhaḥ.

9. Bharadvājaḥ uvāca | na etasya iha yathā asmākam brahmabandhoḥ
acetasaḥ | śokaḥ bhāryāpavādena tena pīvān śunaḥsakhaḥ

9. Bharadvājaḥ uvāca etasya iha asmākam yathā acetasaḥ brahmabandhoḥ bhāryāpavādena śokaḥ na asti.
tena śunaḥsakhaḥ pīvān asti.

9. Bharadvāja said: "Unlike us, he does not have here a senseless kinsman of a brahmin (brahmabandhu) causing sorrow on account of his wife's insult. Therefore, the friend of dogs is fat."

Words meanings summery:

• भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - The sage Bharadvāja (Bharadvāja (a proper noun, name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एतस्य (etasya) - for him (referring to the friend of dogs) (of this, for this (person))

• इह (iha) - here (in this place/situation) (here, in this world)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as (as, just as, like)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us (as we have) (of us, to us, for us)

• ब्रह्मबन्धोः (brahmabandhoḥ) - of a kinsman of a brahmin (brahmabandhu) (of a kinsman of a brahmin, of a degenerate brahmin)

• अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - senseless, foolish (senseless, unconscious, stupid, ignorant)

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

• भार्यापवादेन (bhāryāpavādena) - on account of his wife's insult (by the insult of the wife)

• तेन (tena) - therefore, because of that (by that, therefore, on account of that)

• पीवान् (pīvān) - fat, plump (fat, plump, stout)

• शुनःसखः (śunaḥsakhaḥ) - the friend of dogs (referring to the main subject of the narrative) (friend of dogs)

Words meanings and morphology

भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - The sage Bharadvāja (Bharadvāja (a proper noun, name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Bharadvāja

Bharadvāja - name of an ancient Vedic sage, one of the seven great ṛṣis, a progenitor of the Bharadvāja clan

Note: Refers to the speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'vac' (वच्).

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एतस्य (etasya) - for him (referring to the friend of dogs) (of this, for this (person))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Used here in a dative sense, 'for him'.

इह (iha) - here (in this place/situation) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as (as, just as, like)

(indeclinable)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us (as we have) (of us, to us, for us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Genitive case, here implying possession or state, 'as for us, we have'.

ब्रह्मबन्धोः (brahmabandhoḥ) - of a kinsman of a brahmin (brahmabandhu) (of a kinsman of a brahmin, of a degenerate brahmin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahmabandhu

brahmabandhu - a kinsman of a brahmin, one who is a brahmin only by birth, a degenerate brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+bandhu)

• brahman – brahmin, sacred knowledge, the Absolute
  noun (neuter)
• bandhu – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to a relative who is nominally a brahmin but lacks the qualities.

अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - senseless, foolish (senseless, unconscious, stupid, ignorant)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of acetas

acetas - senseless, unintelligent, stupid, unconscious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+cetas)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'brahmabandhoḥ'.

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish

Derived from root 'śuc' (शुच्) 'to grieve'.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: The source of the sorrow is 'bhāryāpavādena'.

भार्यापवादेन (bhāryāpavādena) - on account of his wife's insult (by the insult of the wife)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāryāpavāda

bhāryāpavāda - wife's insult, defamation of wife

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāryā+apavāda)

• bhāryā – wife, married woman
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine derivative from 'bhṛ' (भृ) 'to bear, support'.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• apavāda – censure, insult, calumny, blame, exception
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'vad' (वद्) with prefix 'apa'.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause of sorrow.

तेन (tena) - therefore, because of that (by that, therefore, on account of that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as an adverbial instrumental, 'on account of that'.

पीवान् (pīvān) - fat, plump (fat, plump, stout)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīvan

pīvan - fat, plump, corpulent, stout

Note: Agrees with 'śunaḥsakhaḥ'.

शुनःसखः (śunaḥsakhaḥ) - the friend of dogs (referring to the main subject of the narrative) (friend of dogs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śunaḥsakha

śunaḥsakha - friend of dogs

Compound type : tatpurusha (śun+sakhi)

• śun – dog, hound
  noun (masculine)
• sakhi – friend, companion, ally
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the person being discussed.

Previous Verse Next Verse