महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-62

उपाध्यायमधः कृत्वा ऋचोऽध्येतु यजूंषि च ।
जुहोतु च स कक्षाग्नौ बिसस्तैन्यं करोति यः ॥६२॥

62. upādhyāyamadhaḥ kṛtvā ṛco'dhyetu yajūṁṣi ca ,
juhotu ca sa kakṣāgnau bisastainyaṁ karoti yaḥ.

62. upādhyāyam adhaḥ kṛtvā ṛcaḥ adhyetu yajūṃṣi ca
juhotu ca saḥ kakṣāgnau bisastainyam karoti yaḥ

62. yaḥ bisastainyam karoti,
saḥ upādhyāyam adhaḥ kṛtvā,
ṛcaḥ ca yajūṃṣi adhyetu,
ca saḥ kakṣāgnau juhotu.

62. He who commits the theft of lotus stalks (bisastainya) may disregard his preceptor, may study the Riks and Yajus Vedic hymns, and may offer oblations in a fire of dry grass (kakṣāgni).

Words meanings summery:

• उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - preceptor, teacher, guru

• अधः (adhaḥ) - below, down, beneath

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - 'adhaḥ kṛtvā' means having brought down or disrespected (having done, having made, having placed, having disregarded)

• ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - Riks, Vedic hymns (specifically from the Rigveda)

• अध्येतु (adhyetu) - he may study, he should study

• यजूंषि (yajūṁṣi) - Yajus (Vedic formulas, verses from the Yajurveda)

• च (ca) - and

• जुहोतु (juhotu) - he may offer oblations, let him offer, he should make a Vedic fire ritual (homa)

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कक्षाग्नौ (kakṣāgnau) - in an improper or wild fire (implying the ritual is flawed or invalid) (in a fire of dry grass, in a forest fire, in an unworthy fire)

• बिसस्तैन्यम् (bisastainyam) - theft of lotus stalks

• करोति (karoti) - he does, he makes, he performs

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

Words meanings and morphology

उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - preceptor, teacher, guru

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - preceptor, teacher (especially one who teaches a portion of the Veda for livelihood)

From upa-adhi-√i (to go near for study).

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

अधः (adhaḥ) - below, down, beneath

(indeclinable)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - 'adhaḥ kṛtvā' means having brought down or disrespected (having done, having made, having placed, having disregarded)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From √kṛ (to do) + suffix tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - Riks, Vedic hymns (specifically from the Rigveda)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ṛc

ṛc - a Vedic hymn, a stanza of the Rigveda

अध्येतु (adhyetu) - he may study, he should study

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of adhyī

From adhi-√i (to go over, to study).

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Optative sense in context of curse/consequence.

यजूंषि (yajūṁṣi) - Yajus (Vedic formulas, verses from the Yajurveda)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yajus

yajus - sacrificial prayer, formula, particularly from the Yajurveda

From √yaj (to worship, sacrifice) + suffix us.

Root: yaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जुहोतु (juhotu) - he may offer oblations, let him offer, he should make a Vedic fire ritual (homa)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of hu

Reduplicated root.

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Optative sense in context of curse/consequence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कक्षाग्नौ (kakṣāgnau) - in an improper or wild fire (implying the ritual is flawed or invalid) (in a fire of dry grass, in a forest fire, in an unworthy fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kakṣāgni

kakṣāgni - a fire of dry grass, a forest fire, an unworthy or wild fire (in contrast to a ritual fire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kakṣā+agni)

• kakṣā – dry grass, brushwood, a thicket
  noun (feminine)
• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ag

बिसस्तैन्यम् (bisastainyam) - theft of lotus stalks

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bisastainya

bisastainya - theft of lotus stalks

Compound type : tatpurusha (bisa+stainya)

• bisa – lotus stalk
  noun (neuter)
• stainya – theft, stealing
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from stena (thief).

करोति (karoti) - he does, he makes, he performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever