महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-55

त उक्त्वा बाढमित्येव सर्व एव शुनःसखम् ।
क्षुधार्ताः सुपरिश्रान्ताः शपथायोपचक्रमुः ॥५५॥

55. ta uktvā bāḍhamityeva sarva eva śunaḥsakham ,
kṣudhārtāḥ supariśrāntāḥ śapathāyopacakramuḥ.

55. te uktvā bāḍham iti eva sarve eva śunaḥsakham
kṣudhārtāḥ supariśrāntāḥ śapathāya upacakramuḥ

55. Having thus said, 'Yes, indeed,' all of them, distressed by hunger and extremely weary, approached the dog's companion (śunaḥsakham) for the purpose of taking the oath.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (the sages) (they, those)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• बाढम् (bāḍham) - "Yes, indeed" (certainly, indeed, yes, strongly)

• इति (iti) - thus (introduces direct speech) (thus, so, indicates direct speech)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing certainty) (indeed, only, just)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, entire)

• एव (eva) - indeed (further emphasizing 'all') (indeed, only, just)

• शुनःसखम् (śunaḥsakham) - the dog's companion (śunaḥsakham) / Śunaka (dog's companion, friend of a dog; (proper noun) Śunaka)

• क्षुधार्ताः (kṣudhārtāḥ) - distressed by hunger (distressed by hunger, suffering from hunger)

• सुपरिश्रान्ताः (supariśrāntāḥ) - extremely weary (extremely weary, very tired)

• शपथाय (śapathāya) - for the purpose of taking the oath (for an oath, for the purpose of an oath)

• उपचक्रमुः (upacakramuḥ) - they approached (for the oath) (they approached, undertook, began)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (the sages) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

बाढम् (bāḍham) - "Yes, indeed" (certainly, indeed, yes, strongly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be an adverbial accusative of bāḍha (strong)

इति (iti) - thus (introduces direct speech) (thus, so, indicates direct speech)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing certainty) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

एव (eva) - indeed (further emphasizing 'all') (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

शुनःसखम् (śunaḥsakham) - the dog's companion (śunaḥsakham) / Śunaka (dog's companion, friend of a dog; (proper noun) Śunaka)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śunaḥsakha

śunaḥsakha - dog's companion, friend of a dog; (proper noun) Śunaka

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śvan+sakha)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• sakha – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to a specific individual or character in the narrative.

क्षुधार्ताः (kṣudhārtāḥ) - distressed by hunger (distressed by hunger, suffering from hunger)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - distressed by hunger, suffering from hunger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+ārta)

• kṣudhā – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ṛ (to go), often with prefix ā, referring to pain
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'te' (the sages)

सुपरिश्रान्ताः (supariśrāntāḥ) - extremely weary (extremely weary, very tired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of supariśrānta

supariśrānta - extremely weary, very tired

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+pariśrānta)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• pariśrānta – weary, tired, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root śram (to be weary) with prefix pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'te' (the sages)

शपथाय (śapathāya) - for the purpose of taking the oath (for an oath, for the purpose of an oath)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śapatha

śapatha - oath, vow, curse

उपचक्रमुः (upacakramuḥ) - they approached (for the oath) (they approached, undertook, began)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of kram

perfect, 3rd plural

from root kram (to go, step) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)