महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-25

अरात्रिरत्रेः सा रात्रिर्यां नाधीते त्रिरद्य वै ।
अरात्रिरत्रिरित्येव नाम मे विद्धि शोभने ॥२५॥

25. arātriratreḥ sā rātriryāṁ nādhīte triradya vai ,
arātriratrirityeva nāma me viddhi śobhane.

25. arātriḥ atreḥ sā rātriḥ yām na adhīte triḥ adya
vai | arātriḥ atriḥ iti eva nāma me viddhi śobhane

25. (Atri says) "For Atri, that night is not a true night during which he does not study (Vedas) three times a day. Thus, know, O beautiful one, that 'Atri' (meaning 'without night') is indeed my name."

Words meanings summery:

• अरात्रिः (arātriḥ) - a night that is considered not to be a real night (not night, without night, no-night)

• अत्रेः (atreḥ) - belonging to the sage Atri (of Atri)

• सा (sā) - that specific night (that, she)

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

• याम् (yām) - referring to the night, indicating the time period (which (feminine), during which)

• न (na) - not

• अधीते (adhīte) - Atri studies (Vedic texts) (he studies, he learns, he recites)

• त्रिः (triḥ) - three times, thrice

• अद्य (adya) - today

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• अरात्रिः (arātriḥ) - emphasizing the meaning of Atri's name (not night, without night, no-night)

• अत्रिः (atriḥ) - The sage Atri, whose name is being explained (Atri (name of a Vedic sage))

• इति (iti) - marks the statement defining the name 'Atri' (thus, so, (marks direct speech or explanation))

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• नाम (nāma) - name

• मे (me) - my name (belonging to Atri) (my, to me, for me)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know!

• शोभने (śobhane) - Atri addressing the female demon (yātudhānī) (O beautiful one, O lovely one)

Words meanings and morphology

अरात्रिः (arātriḥ) - a night that is considered not to be a real night (not night, without night, no-night)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of arātri

arātri - without night, not a night

Negative compound ('nañ-tatpuruṣa') with 'rātri' (night).

अत्रेः (atreḥ) - belonging to the sage Atri (of Atri)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atri

atri - Atri (name of a celebrated Vedic sage, one of the Saptarishis)

सा (sā) - that specific night (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

याम् (yām) - referring to the night, indicating the time period (which (feminine), during which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'during which'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अधीते (adhīte) - Atri studies (Vedic texts) (he studies, he learns, he recites)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of adhī

Present Middle

Root 'ī' (2nd class) with prefix 'adhi'. Atmanepada conjugation.

Prefix: adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

त्रिः (triḥ) - three times, thrice

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

अरात्रिः (arātriḥ) - emphasizing the meaning of Atri's name (not night, without night, no-night)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of arātri

arātri - without night, not a night

Negative compound ('nañ-tatpuruṣa') with 'rātri' (night).

अत्रिः (atriḥ) - The sage Atri, whose name is being explained (Atri (name of a Vedic sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atri

atri - Atri (name of a celebrated Vedic sage, one of the Saptarishis)

इति (iti) - marks the statement defining the name 'Atri' (thus, so, (marks direct speech or explanation))

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, title

मे (me) - my name (belonging to Atri) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me, my (1st person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of the 1st person pronoun, often used for genitive or dative.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

Root 'vid' (2nd class) forms its imperative active 2nd singular as 'viddhi'.

Root: vid (class 2)

शोभने (śobhane) - Atri addressing the female demon (yātudhānī) (O beautiful one, O lovely one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of śobhanā

śobhanā - beautiful, lovely, splendid (feminine form); a beautiful woman

Derived from root 'śubh' (to shine, be beautiful) with suffix '-ana'.

Root: śubh (class 1)