महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-75

शुनःसख उवाच ।
अध्वर्यवे दुहितरं ददातु च्छन्दोगे वा चरितब्रह्मचर्ये ।
आथर्वणं वेदमधीत्य विप्रः स्नायीत यो वै हरते बिसानि ॥७५॥

75. śunaḥsakha uvāca ,
adhvaryave duhitaraṁ dadātu; cchandoge vā caritabrahmacarye ,
ātharvaṇaṁ vedamadhītya vipraḥ; snāyīta yo vai harate bisāni.

75. śunaḥsakhaḥ uvāca adhvaryave duhitaram
dadātu cchandoge vā caritabrahmacarye
ātharvaṇam vedam adhītya
vipraḥ snāyīta yaḥ vai harate bisāni

75. śunaḥsakhaḥ uvāca yaḥ vai ātharvaṇam
vedam adhītya vipraḥ snāyīta
bisāni harate adhvaryave vā
caritabrahmacarye cchandoge duhitaram dadātu

75. Śunaḥsakha said: "He who indeed steals lotus-stalks, despite being a brahmin (vipra) who has studied the Atharva (Veda) and undergone the purificatory bath, let him give his daughter to an Adhvaryu or Chhandoga priest who has observed celibacy (brahmacarya)."

Words meanings summery:

• शुनःसखः (śunaḥsakhaḥ) - Śunaḥsakha, a specific speaker in the narrative. (Śunaḥsakha (proper name, friend of dogs))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अध्वर्यवे (adhvaryave) - To a specific type of priest, who performs the practical part of a (Vedic ritual). (to the adhvaryu priest)

• दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - daughter

• ददातु (dadātu) - let him give

• च्छन्दोगे (cchandoge) - To a specific type of priest, skilled in chanting the Sāma (Veda). (to the chhandoga priest)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• चरितब्रह्मचर्ये (caritabrahmacarye) - Qualifies the priest (adhvaryu or chhandoga). (to one who has observed celibacy (brahmacarya))

• आथर्वणम् (ātharvaṇam) - The Atharva (Veda). (relating to Atharvan; the Atharva (Veda))

• वेदम् (vedam) - A specific collection of sacred texts, here referring to the Atharva (Veda). ((Veda), sacred knowledge)

• अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having read

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Refers to the male thief, who is a (brahmin) by caste/vocation. (a brahmin, inspired one, sage)

• स्नायीत (snāyīta) - The purificatory bath taken by a Vedic student upon completion of his studies (snāna). (let him bathe, let him perform the purificatory bath)

• यः (yaḥ) - Refers to the male person whose actions are being described. (who, he who)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• हरते (harate) - He steals. (he steals, takes away, carries)

• बिसानि (bisāni) - lotus-stalks

Words meanings and morphology

शुनःसखः (śunaḥsakhaḥ) - Śunaḥsakha, a specific speaker in the narrative. (Śunaḥsakha (proper name, friend of dogs))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śunaḥsakha

śunaḥsakha - friend of dogs; a proper name

Compound. 'śunas' is the strong stem of 'śvan' (dog).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (śvan+sakha)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• sakha – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect formation from √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अध्वर्यवे (adhvaryave) - To a specific type of priest, who performs the practical part of a (Vedic ritual). (to the adhvaryu priest)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of adhvaryu

adhvaryu - a priest who performs the practical part of a (Vedic ritual), especially related to the Yajur (Veda)

Note: Recipient of the daughter.

दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duhity

duhity - daughter

Irregular feminine noun.

Root: duh

Note: Object of 'dadātu'.

ददातु (dadātu) - let him give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Root dā (class 3 verb, reduplicating)

Root: dā (class 3)

च्छन्दोगे (cchandoge) - To a specific type of priest, skilled in chanting the Sāma (Veda). (to the chhandoga priest)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of cchandoga

cchandoga - a chanter of the Sāma (Veda), a priest skilled in metrical hymns

From 'cchandas' (metre) + 'ga' (singer).

Note: Recipient of the daughter, alternative to adhvaryu.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects adhvaryave and cchandoge.

चरितब्रह्मचर्ये (caritabrahmacarye) - Qualifies the priest (adhvaryu or chhandoga). (to one who has observed celibacy (brahmacarya))

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of caritabrahmacarya

caritabrahmacarya - one who has observed or practiced (brahmacarya)

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'whose (brahmacarya) has been observed'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (carita+brahmacarya)

• carita – practiced, observed, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √car (to move, behave, practice).
  Root: car (class 1)
• brahmacarya – celibacy, studentship, religious student's life
  noun (neuter)
  From 'brahman' + 'carya' (conduct).

Note: Agrees with 'adhvaryave' or 'cchandoge'.

आथर्वणम् (ātharvaṇam) - The Atharva (Veda). (relating to Atharvan; the Atharva (Veda))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātharvaṇa

ātharvaṇa - pertaining to Atharvan; the Atharva (Veda)

Derived from 'atharvan' (name of an ancient sage, also the (Veda) associated with him).

Note: Modifies 'vedam'.

वेदम् (vedam) - A specific collection of sacred texts, here referring to the Atharva (Veda). ((Veda), sacred knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - (Veda), knowledge, sacred lore

From √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'adhītya'.

अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having read

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -ya after prefix 'adhi' and root 'i'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Refers to the male thief, who is a (brahmin) by caste/vocation. (a brahmin, inspired one, sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - a (brahmin), priest, sage, inspired, learned

From √vip (to tremble, inspire).

Root: vip

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

स्नायीत (snāyīta) - The purificatory bath taken by a Vedic student upon completion of his studies (snāna). (let him bathe, let him perform the purificatory bath)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of snā

Optative Active

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ' (he who). Implies he has completed his Vedic studies.

यः (yaḥ) - Refers to the male person whose actions are being described. (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Masculine nominative singular form of the relative pronoun.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

Enclitic particle.

Note: Adds emphasis.

हरते (harate) - He steals. (he steals, takes away, carries)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of hṛ

Atmanepada form.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

बिसानि (bisāni) - lotus-stalks

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bisa

bisa - lotus-stalk, fiber of the water-lily

Note: Object of 'harate'.