महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-95, verse-33

गौतम उवाच ।
गोदमो दमगोऽधूमो दमो दुर्दर्शनश्च ते ।
विद्धि मां गौतमं कृत्ये यातुधानि निबोध मे ॥३३॥

33. gautama uvāca ,
godamo damago'dhūmo damo durdarśanaśca te ,
viddhi māṁ gautamaṁ kṛtye yātudhāni nibodha me.

33. gautamaḥ uvāca godamaḥ damagaḥ adhūmaḥ damaḥ durdarśanaḥ
ca te viddhi mām gautamam kṛtye yātudhāni nibodha me

33. gautamaḥ uvāca godamaḥ damagaḥ adhūmaḥ damaḥ ca te
durdarśanaḥ kṛtye yātudhāni mām gautamam viddhi me nibodha

33. Gautama said: "I am a giver of cows, a subduer of the senses, pure (without smoke), and formidable for you to behold. Know me as Gautama, O witch (kṛtyā), O demoness (yātudhānī)! Understand me."

Words meanings summery:

• गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Sage Gautama (Gautama (a sage's name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गोदमः (godamaḥ) - giver of cows (as a quality of Gautama) (giver of cows, one who restrains/subdues cows)

• दमगः (damagaḥ) - subduer of senses (referring to internal control) (one who goes towards (achieves) self-control, one who subdues senses)

• अधूमः (adhūmaḥ) - pure, tranquil (metaphorically smokeless, implying spiritual purity or absence of mental agitation) (smokeless, without smoke; pure, tranquil)

• दमः (damaḥ) - (one who has) self-control (or is a tamer/subduer) (self-control, subduing; one who tames/subdues)

• दुर्दर्शनः (durdarśanaḥ) - formidable, difficult for you to see/behold (difficult to see, invisible, formidable, unpleasant to look at)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - for you (your, to you, by you)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know! (know!, understand!)

• माम् (mām) - me

• गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (as predicate accusative) (Gautama)

• कृत्ये (kṛtye) - O witch! (O witch!, O demoness!)

• यातुधानि (yātudhāni) - O demoness!

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand me, perceive me (understand!, know!, perceive!)

• मे (me) - from me, relating to me (my, to me, from me)

Words meanings and morphology

गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Sage Gautama (Gautama (a sage's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - descendant of Gotama, name of a sage

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Perfect stem uvac- + 3rd person singular active ending a.

Root: vac (class 2)

गोदमः (godamaḥ) - giver of cows (as a quality of Gautama) (giver of cows, one who restrains/subdues cows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of godama

godama - a giver of cows, one who tames cattle

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (go+dama)

• go – cow, ox, ray of light, earth, speech, sense organ
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• dama – taming, subjugation, self-control; one who tames/subdues
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Predicate noun for implied 'I am'.

दमगः (damagaḥ) - subduer of senses (referring to internal control) (one who goes towards (achieves) self-control, one who subdues senses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of damaga

damaga - one who applies self-control, one who subdues senses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dama+ga)

• dama – self-control, subjugation of senses
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 4)
• ga – going, moving, one who goes; derived from gam
  noun (masculine)
  Root gam + suffix ḍa.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate noun for implied 'I am'.

अधूमः (adhūmaḥ) - pure, tranquil (metaphorically smokeless, implying spiritual purity or absence of mental agitation) (smokeless, without smoke; pure, tranquil)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhūma

adhūma - without smoke, smokeless; pure, free from passion

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+dhūma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dhūma – smoke, vapor, mist
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for implied 'I am'.

दमः (damaḥ) - (one who has) self-control (or is a tamer/subduer) (self-control, subduing; one who tames/subdues)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, subjugation of senses; one who tames/subdues

From root dam (to tame, subdue).

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Predicate noun for implied 'I am'.

दुर्दर्शनः (durdarśanaḥ) - formidable, difficult for you to see/behold (difficult to see, invisible, formidable, unpleasant to look at)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdarśana

durdarśana - difficult to see, formidable, unpleasant to look at

dur (difficult) + darśana (seeing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+darśana)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty.
• darśana – seeing, looking, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From root dṛś (to see) + suffix ana.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for implied 'I am'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

ते (te) - for you (your, to you, by you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Dative singular of tvad.

Note: Used with durdarśanaḥ meaning 'difficult for you'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know! (know!, understand!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative

Root vid, Class 2, 2nd person singular imperative active ending.

Root: vid (class 2)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Accusative singular of aham.

Note: Object of viddhi.

गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (as predicate accusative) (Gautama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (a sage's name)

Note: Complement of mām with viddhi.

कृत्ये (kṛtye) - O witch! (O witch!, O demoness!)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kṛtyā

kṛtyā - a witch, a female demon, a magical rite

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix tyā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यातुधानि (yātudhāni) - O demoness!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of yātudhānī

yātudhānī - a female demon, a rākṣasī

From yātu (sorcery) + dhā́ni (holding, having, a place of) / dhā (to place) + anī (feminine suffix).

निबोध (nibodha) - understand me, perceive me (understand!, know!, perceive!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Imperative

Prefix ni + root budh (to know), Class 1, bodha stem, 2nd person singular imperative active ending.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me, relating to me (my, to me, from me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Genitive/Dative singular of aham. Here, ablative sense with nibodha 'learn from me' or 'understand me'.