मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-16, verse-38
वयमाप्यायिता मर्त्यैर्यज्ञभागैर्यथोचितैः ।
वृष्ट्या ताननुगृह्णीमो मर्त्यान् शस्यादिसिद्धये ॥३८॥
वृष्ट्या ताननुगृह्णीमो मर्त्यान् शस्यादिसिद्धये ॥३८॥
38. vayamāpyāyitā martyairyajñabhāgairyathocitaiḥ .
vṛṣṭyā tānanugṛhṇīmo martyān śasyādisiddhaye.
vṛṣṭyā tānanugṛhṇīmo martyān śasyādisiddhaye.
38.
vayam āpyāyitāḥ martyaiḥ yajñabhāgaiḥ yathocitaiḥ
vṛṣṭyā tān anugṛhṇīmaḥ martyān śasyādisiddhaye
vṛṣṭyā tān anugṛhṇīmaḥ martyān śasyādisiddhaye
38.
vayam martyaiḥ yathocitaiḥ yajñabhāgaiḥ āpyāyitāḥ
tān martyān vṛṣṭyā śasyādisiddhaye anugṛhṇīmaḥ
tān martyān vṛṣṭyā śasyādisiddhaye anugṛhṇīmaḥ
38.
We (deities) are nourished by mortals with appropriate portions from their Vedic rituals (yajñas). In return, we bless those mortals with rain for the successful growth of their crops and other produce.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वयम् (vayam) - we (plural 1st person pronoun)
- आप्यायिताः (āpyāyitāḥ) - nourished, satisfied, pleased, made plump
- मर्त्यैः (martyaiḥ) - by mortals, by humans
- यज्ञभागैः (yajñabhāgaiḥ) - by portions of the Vedic ritual, by sacrificial offerings
- यथोचितैः (yathocitaiḥ) - by suitable/appropriate (portions), as is proper
- वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - by rain, with rain
- तान् (tān) - them (masculine plural)
- अनुगृह्णीमः (anugṛhṇīmaḥ) - we favor, we bless, we show grace
- मर्त्यान् (martyān) - mortals, humans (accusative plural)
- शस्यादिसिद्धये (śasyādisiddhaye) - for the attainment of crops and the like, for the success of grain etc.
Words meanings and morphology
वयम् (vayam) - we (plural 1st person pronoun)
(pronoun)
Nominative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Refers to the deities speaking.
आप्यायिताः (āpyāyitāḥ) - nourished, satisfied, pleased, made plump
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of āpyāyita
āpyāyita - nourished, invigorated, made to swell, satisfied
Past Passive Participle
From the causal of ā-pyā (to swell, grow)
Prefix: ā
Root: pyai (class 1)
Note: Qualifies vayam.
मर्त्यैः (martyaiḥ) - by mortals, by humans
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of martya
martya - mortal, human being, earthly
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 1)
Note: Agent of the passive verb āpyāyitāḥ.
यज्ञभागैः (yajñabhāgaiḥ) - by portions of the Vedic ritual, by sacrificial offerings
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajñabhāga
yajñabhāga - a share or portion of a Vedic ritual, sacrificial offering
Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+bhāga)
- yajña – Vedic ritual, worship, offering
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1) - bhāga – share, portion, part, division
noun (masculine)
From root bhaj (to divide, share)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Refers to the offerings made in Vedic rituals.
यथोचितैः (yathocitaiḥ) - by suitable/appropriate (portions), as is proper
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yathocita
yathocita - as is proper, suitable, appropriate, customary
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+ucita)
- yathā – as, like, according to, in which way
indeclinable - ucita – proper, suitable, fit, appropriate
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root vac (to speak, say), meaning 'spoken well' or 'suitable'
Prefix: ud
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Qualifies yajñabhāgaiḥ.
वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - by rain, with rain
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of vṛṣṭi
vṛṣṭi - rain, a shower, showering
From root vṛṣ (to rain, shower)
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Means (instrument) by which blessing is given.
तान् (tān) - them (masculine plural)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Refers to the martyān (mortals).
अनुगृह्णीमः (anugṛhṇīmaḥ) - we favor, we bless, we show grace
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, present (lat) of anugrah
Present tense, 1st person plural, active voice (Parasmaipada)
From anu + grah (to seize, accept)
Prefix: anu
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: The subject is vayam (we, the deities).
मर्त्यान् (martyān) - mortals, humans (accusative plural)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of martya
martya - mortal, human being, earthly
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of anugṛhṇīmaḥ.
शस्यादिसिद्धये (śasyādisiddhaye) - for the attainment of crops and the like, for the success of grain etc.
(noun)
Dative, feminine, singular of śasyādisiddhi
śasyādisiddhi - accomplishment/success of crops and so on
Compound type : tatpurusha (śasya+ādi+siddhi)
- śasya – grain, corn, crop, produce
noun (neuter)
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From root śas (to cut), meaning 'that which is to be cut' or 'harvested'
Root: śas (class 2) - ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on, beginning with
indeclinable (masculine) - siddhi – accomplishment, success, attainment, perfection
noun (feminine)
From root sidh (to succeed)
Root: sidh (class 1)
Note: Denotes purpose.