मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-16, verse-36
पतिव्रताया वचसा नोद्गच्छति दिवाकरः ।
सूर्योदयं विना नैव स्त्रानदानादिकाः क्रियाः ॥३६॥
सूर्योदयं विना नैव स्त्रानदानादिकाः क्रियाः ॥३६॥
36. pativratāyā vacasā nodgacchati divākaraḥ .
sūryodayaṃ vinā naiva strānadānādikāḥ kriyāḥ.
sūryodayaṃ vinā naiva strānadānādikāḥ kriyāḥ.
36.
pativratāyāḥ vacasā na udgacchati divākaraḥ
sūryodayam vinā na eva snānadānādikāḥ kriyāḥ
sūryodayam vinā na eva snānadānādikāḥ kriyāḥ
36.
The sun (divākara) does not rise merely by the word of a chaste and devoted wife (pativratā). And without sunrise, religious activities such as ritual bathing and charitable giving (dāna) certainly do not commence.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पतिव्रतायाः (pativratāyāḥ) - of a chaste wife, of a devoted wife
- वचसा (vacasā) - merely by the word (by word, by speech)
- न (na) - not, no
- उद्गच्छति (udgacchati) - rises, goes up
- दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, maker of day
- सूर्योदयम् (sūryodayam) - sunrise, rising of the sun
- विना (vinā) - without, except for
- न (na) - not, no
- एव (eva) - certainly (only, just, indeed, certainly)
- स्नानदानादिकाः (snānadānādikāḥ) - religious activities such as ritual bathing and charitable giving (dāna) (activities like bathing and giving, etc.)
- क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - religious activities (actions, rites, religious ceremonies)
Words meanings and morphology
पतिव्रतायाः (pativratāyāḥ) - of a chaste wife, of a devoted wife
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of pativratā
pativratā - a chaste wife, a wife devoted to her husband
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pati+vrata)
- pati – husband, lord, master
noun (masculine) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
noun (neuter)
Root: vṛ (class 5)
वचसा (vacasā) - merely by the word (by word, by speech)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of vacas
vacas - word, speech, voice
From root 'vac' (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
उद्गच्छति (udgacchati) - rises, goes up
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of udgacchati
Present Indicative, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ud'
Prefix: ud
Root: gam (class 1)
दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, maker of day
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara
divākara - the sun, day-maker
From 'divā' (by day) and 'kara' (maker)
Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)
- divā – by day, during the day
indeclinable - kara – maker, doer, causing
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject of udgacchati.
सूर्योदयम् (sūryodayam) - sunrise, rising of the sun
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sūryodaya
sūryodaya - sunrise, rising of the sun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+udaya)
- sūrya – sun
noun (masculine) - udaya – rising, ascent, appearance
noun (masculine)
From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ud' and 'ac' suffix
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Object of 'vinā'.
विना (vinā) - without, except for
(indeclinable)
Note: Takes instrumental, accusative, or ablative case. Here with accusative 'sūryodayam'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - certainly (only, just, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
स्नानदानादिकाः (snānadānādikāḥ) - religious activities such as ritual bathing and charitable giving (dāna) (activities like bathing and giving, etc.)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of snānadānādika
snānadānādika - beginning with bathing and giving; activities like bathing and giving
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (snāna+dāna+ādi)
- snāna – bathing, ablution, purificatory bath
noun (neuter)
From root 'snā' (to bathe) + LyuT suffix
Root: snā (class 2) - dāna – giving, gift, donation, charity
noun (neuter)
From root 'dā' (to give) + LyuT suffix
Root: dā (class 3) - ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
noun (masculine)
From root 'ad' (to eat) + i-pratyaya, or simply primitive
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Qualifies 'kriyāḥ'.
क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - religious activities (actions, rites, religious ceremonies)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of kriyā
kriyā - action, act, performance, religious ceremony, rite
From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + ya-pratyaya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject.