महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-68

मासार्धं च क्षयं सोमो नित्यमेव गमिष्यति ।
मासार्धं च सदा वृद्धिं सत्यमेतद्वचो मम ॥६८॥

68. māsārdhaṁ ca kṣayaṁ somo nityameva gamiṣyati ,
māsārdhaṁ ca sadā vṛddhiṁ satyametadvaco mama.

68. māsārdham ca kṣayam somaḥ nityam eva gamiṣyati
māsārdham ca sadā vṛddhim satyam etat vacaḥ mama

68. somaḥ nityam eva māsārdham ca kṣayam gamiṣyati
ca māsārdham sadā vṛddhim mama etat vacaḥ satyam

68. For half a month, the Moon (Soma) will always go into decline, and for half a month, he will always grow. This indeed is my truthful word.

Words meanings summery:

• मासार्धम् (māsārdham) - for half a month (duration) (half a month, a fortnight)

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decline, waning (of the moon) (decay, decline, destruction, loss)

• सोमः (somaḥ) - The Moon-god (the moon, Soma (the deity))

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, even

• गमिष्यति (gamiṣyati) - he will go into (decline/growth) (he will go, he will reach, he will attain)

• मासार्धम् (māsārdham) - for half a month (duration) (half a month, a fortnight)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

• वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - growth, waxing (of the moon) (growth, increase, prosperity)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - true (word) (true, real, truth)

• एतत् (etat) - this (word) (this (neuter))

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

मासार्धम् (māsārdham) - for half a month (duration) (half a month, a fortnight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māsārdha

māsārdha - half a month, fortnight

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māsa+ardha)

• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decline, waning (of the moon) (decay, decline, destruction, loss)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decay, decline, destruction, loss, waning (of the moon)

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb gamiṣyati.

सोमः (somaḥ) - The Moon-god (the moon, Soma (the deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - moon, moon-god, a sacred intoxicating drink, a plant

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - constant, eternal, perpetual, always

Note: Used adverbially.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, even

(indeclinable)

गमिष्यति (gamiṣyati) - he will go into (decline/growth) (he will go, he will reach, he will attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

future active indicative

Root: gam (class 1)

मासार्धम् (māsārdham) - for half a month (duration) (half a month, a fortnight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māsārdha

māsārdha - half a month, fortnight

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māsa+ardha)

• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

(indeclinable)

वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - growth, waxing (of the moon) (growth, increase, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛddhi

vṛddhi - growth, increase, prosperity, augmentation, waxing (of the moon)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied verb gamiṣyati.

सत्यम् (satyam) - true (word) (true, real, truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real, truth, reality

Note: Agrees with vacaḥ.

एतत् (etat) - this (word) (this (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration

Root: vac (class 2)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we