महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-56

स यक्ष्मणाभिभूतात्माक्षीयताहरहः शशी ।
यत्नं चाप्यकरोद्राजन्मोक्षार्थं तस्य यक्ष्मणः ॥५६॥

56. sa yakṣmaṇābhibhūtātmākṣīyatāharahaḥ śaśī ,
yatnaṁ cāpyakarodrājanmokṣārthaṁ tasya yakṣmaṇaḥ.

56. saḥ yakṣmaṇā abhibhūtātmā akṣīyata aharahaḥ śaśī
yatnam ca api akarot rājan mokṣārtham tasya yakṣmaṇaḥ

56. rājan saḥ śaśī yakṣmaṇā abhibhūtātmā aharahaḥ akṣīyata
ca saḥ tasya yakṣmaṇaḥ mokṣārtham yatnam api akarot

56. That Moon (śaśin), whose very being (ātman) was overwhelmed by consumption (yakṣman), wasted away day by day. And he, O King, made efforts for the liberation (mokṣa) from that disease.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - the Moon (śaśin) (he, that)

• यक्ष्मणा (yakṣmaṇā) - by consumption, by disease

• अभिभूतात्मा (abhibhūtātmā) - whose self was overcome, whose being was overwhelmed

• अक्षीयत (akṣīyata) - wasted away, diminished

• अहरहः (aharahaḥ) - day by day, daily

• शशी (śaśī) - the Moon

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• मोक्षार्थम् (mokṣārtham) - for the sake of liberation

• तस्य (tasya) - of that consumption (of that, his)

• यक्ष्मणः (yakṣmaṇaḥ) - of consumption, of disease

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - the Moon (śaśin) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of tad

Note: Refers to Śaśin (masculine noun).

यक्ष्मणा (yakṣmaṇā) - by consumption, by disease

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yakṣman

yakṣman - consumption, wasting disease, tuberculosis

Root: yakṣ (class 1)

अभिभूतात्मा (abhibhūtātmā) - whose self was overcome, whose being was overwhelmed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhibhūtātman

abhibhūtātman - one whose self/being is overcome/subdued

Bahuvrīhi compound, nominative singular masculine

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhibhūta+ātman)

• abhibhūta – overcome, overwhelmed, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upasarga abhi + root bhū (to be, to become, to overcome)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, being
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Śaśī.

अक्षीयत (akṣīyata) - wasted away, diminished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, Imperfect (Laṅ) of kṣī

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular (passive/middle voice). Augment 'a' indicates past tense.

Root: kṣī (class 9)

अहरहः (aharahaḥ) - day by day, daily

(indeclinable)

Repetitive compound (dvirukta) used adverbially, from ahas (day)

शशी (śaśī) - the Moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśin

śaśin - the Moon (literally, 'having a hare mark')

Nominative singular

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of 'akarot'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Vocative singular

Note: Addressed to the listener/narratee in the frame story.

मोक्षार्थम् (mokṣārtham) - for the sake of liberation

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound ending in -artham

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+artha)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, emancipation
  noun (masculine)
  From root muc (to free, release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

तस्य (tasya) - of that consumption (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive singular masculine/neuter of tad

यक्ष्मणः (yakṣmaṇaḥ) - of consumption, of disease

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yakṣman

yakṣman - consumption, wasting disease, tuberculosis

Root: yakṣ (class 1)