महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
पूर्वमेव यदा रामस्तस्मिन्युद्ध उपस्थिते ।
आमन्त्र्य केशवं यातो वृष्णिभिः सहितः प्रभुः ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
pūrvameva yadā rāmastasminyuddha upasthite ,
āmantrya keśavaṁ yāto vṛṣṇibhiḥ sahitaḥ prabhuḥ.

1. Janamejaya uvāca pūrvam eva yadā rāmaḥ tasmin yuddhe
upasthite āmantrya keśavam yātaḥ vṛṣṇibhiḥ sahitaḥ prabhuḥ

1. Janamejaya uvāca yadā rāmaḥ tasmin yuddhe upasthite pūrvam
eva keśavam āmantrya vṛṣṇibhiḥ sahitaḥ prabhuḥ yātaḥ

1. Janamejaya said: "When that war was imminent, Lord Rāma, having previously addressed Keśava (Kṛṣṇa), departed accompanied by the Vṛṣṇis."

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, formerly, previously

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Balarāma, Krishna's elder brother (Rāma)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that war (in that, upon that)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the war, in the battle

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when the war was imminent (having approached, being present, having arisen, imminent)

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having invited

• केशवम् (keśavam) - Kṛṣṇa (Keśava)

• यातः (yātaḥ) - went, departed, gone

• वृष्णिभिः (vṛṣṇibhiḥ) - by the Vṛṣṇis, with the Vṛṣṇis

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Lord Rāma (Balarāma) (lord, master, powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Janamejaya

Janamejaya - name of a king, son of Parikshit and grandson of Arjuna

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active third singular of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Balarāma, Krishna's elder brother (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Balarāma, the elder brother of Kṛṣṇa; one who delights or pleases

Note: Refers to Balarāma here.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that war (in that, upon that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yuddhe'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the war, in the battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - war, battle, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when the war was imminent (having approached, being present, having arisen, imminent)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, at hand, imminent, having arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'yuddhe'.

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having invited

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root mantr (to advise, to consult) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

केशवम् (keśavam) - Kṛṣṇa (Keśava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa (long-haired)

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

यातः (yātaḥ) - went, departed, gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, moved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Acts as the main verb here, equivalent to 'he went'.

वृष्णिभिः (vṛṣṇibhiḥ) - by the Vṛṣṇis, with the Vṛṣṇis

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇi

vṛṣṇi - the Vṛṣṇis (a Yadava clan)

Note: Used with 'sahitaḥ'.

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, connected with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) with prefix sa- and hi

Prefixes: sa+hi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'prabhuḥ'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Lord Rāma (Balarāma) (lord, master, powerful one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāma (Balarāma).