महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-47

श्रुत्वा तासां तु वचनं दक्षः सोममथाब्रवीत् ।
समं वर्तस्व भार्यासु मा त्वाधर्मो महान्स्पृशेत् ॥४७॥

47. śrutvā tāsāṁ tu vacanaṁ dakṣaḥ somamathābravīt ,
samaṁ vartasva bhāryāsu mā tvādharmo mahānspṛśet.

47. śrutvā tāsām tu vacanam dakṣaḥ somam atha abravīt
samam vartasva bhāryāsu mā tvā adharmaḥ mahān spṛśet

47. tu dakṣaḥ tāsām vacanam śrutvā atha somam abravīt
bhāryāsu samam vartasva mahān adharmaḥ tvā mā spṛśet

47. Indeed, having heard their words, Dakṣa then said to Soma: 'Behave impartially towards your wives, lest great unrighteousness (adharma) befall you.'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• तासाम् (tāsām) - of the daughters/wives (of them (feminine plural), their)

• तु (tu) - 'indeed' or 'then' (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - the complaint made by the wives (word, speech, statement)

• दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - Prajāpati Dakṣa, father of Soma's wives (Dakṣa (a Prajāpati))

• सोमम् (somam) - Soma, husband of Dakṣa's daughters (Soma, the moon god)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, and

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• समम् (samam) - equally, impartially, uniformly

• वर्तस्व (vartasva) - behave, conduct yourself, be

• भार्यासु (bhāryāsu) - among your wives (the daughters of Dakṣa) (among wives, towards wives)

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive)

• त्वा (tvā) - Soma (accusative) (you (accusative))

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - the negative consequence of his unequal treatment (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma), demerit)

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• स्पृशेत् (spṛśet) - may befall, may overcome (may touch, may affect, may seize)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root śru- with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

तासाम् (tāsām) - of the daughters/wives (of them (feminine plural), their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Possessive, refers to the wives' 'vacanam'.

तु (tu) - 'indeed' or 'then' (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - the complaint made by the wives (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

verbal noun

Derived from root vac- with suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - Prajāpati Dakṣa, father of Soma's wives (Dakṣa (a Prajāpati))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dakṣa

dakṣa - skillful, able, a Prajāpati

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

सोमम् (somam) - Soma, husband of Dakṣa's daughters (Soma, the moon god)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma plant, Soma juice, moon, moon-god

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, and

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

imperfect active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of root bru-.

Root: bru (class 2)

समम् (samam) - equally, impartially, uniformly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

वर्तस्व (vartasva) - behave, conduct yourself, be

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

imperative middle

Imperative 2nd person singular middle of root vṛt-.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भार्यासु (bhāryāsu) - among your wives (the daughters of Dakṣa) (among wives, towards wives)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, spouse

gerundive

Feminine of the gerundive of root bhṛ- 'to bear/maintain'.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Indicates the sphere of action for 'vartasva'.

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

Note: Prohibitive particle.

त्वा (tvā) - Soma (accusative) (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'spṛśet'.

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - the negative consequence of his unequal treatment (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma), demerit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, demerit, violation of natural law (dharma)

Negative prefix 'a-' + dharma.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue, law
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'spṛśet'.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'adharmaḥ'.

स्पृशेत् (spṛśet) - may befall, may overcome (may touch, may affect, may seize)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of spṛś

optative active

Optative 3rd person singular active of root spṛś-.

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Used with 'mā' to express a negative command or warning.