महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-39

कथमाप्लुत्य तस्मिंस्तु पुनराप्यायितः शशी ।
एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व विस्तरेण महामुने ॥३९॥

39. kathamāplutya tasmiṁstu punarāpyāyitaḥ śaśī ,
etanme sarvamācakṣva vistareṇa mahāmune.

39. katham āplutya tasmin tu punar āpyāyitaḥ śaśī
etat me sarvam ācakṣva vistareṇa mahāmune

39. mahāmune katham śaśī tasmin tu āplutya punar
āpyāyitaḥ etat sarvam me vistareṇa ācakṣva

39. How was the Moon, having bathed in that very place, restored again? Please recount all this to me in detail, O great sage.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having bathed, having plunged

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, there

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

• पुनर् (punar) - again, back

• आप्यायितः (āpyāyitaḥ) - nourished, restored, augmented

• शशी (śaśī) - the Moon

• एतत् (etat) - this, all this

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having bathed, having plunged

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'plu' (to float, to bathe) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, there

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

पुनर् (punar) - again, back

(indeclinable)

आप्यायितः (āpyāyitaḥ) - nourished, restored, augmented

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpyāyita

āpyāyita - nourished, invigorated, restored, increased, made full, caused to swell

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the causal stem of root 'pyāy' (to swell, to thrive) with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pyāy (class 1)

शशी (śaśī) - the Moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśin

śaśin - moon, hare-marked (referring to the marks on the moon), rabbit-eared

Masculine noun ending in -in.

Root: śaś

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'to be' with 'āpyāyitaḥ'.

एतत् (etat) - this, all this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'ācakṣva'.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Enclitic pronoun, a pronominal dative/genitive form of the first person singular.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Qualifies 'etat'.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Imperative (loṭ), Middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root 'cakṣ' with prefix 'ā-'. 2nd person singular imperative middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extent, expanse, detail, elaboration, full account

Derived from root 'stṛ' (to spread) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic, eminent seer

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'muni' (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective
  Feminine stem of 'mahat' used as a prefix in compounds.
• muni – sage, ascetic, saint, inspired one
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Addressing Vaiśampāyana.