महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-34, verse-57

इष्ट्वेष्टिभिर्महाराज विविधाभिर्निशाकरः ।
न चामुच्यत शापाद्वै क्षयं चैवाभ्यगच्छत ॥५७॥

57. iṣṭveṣṭibhirmahārāja vividhābhirniśākaraḥ ,
na cāmucyata śāpādvai kṣayaṁ caivābhyagacchata.

57. iṣṭvā iṣṭibhiḥ mahārāja vividhābhiḥ niśākaraḥ na
ca amucyata śāpāt vai kṣayam ca eva abhyagacchata

57. mahārāja niśākaraḥ vividhābhiḥ iṣṭibhiḥ iṣṭvā
śāpāt na amucyata vai ca kṣayam eva abhyagacchata

57. O great king, even though the Moon god (niśākara) performed various sacrifices, he was not released from the curse and indeed met with decline.

Words meanings summery:

• इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having worshipped, having sacrificed, having performed a sacrifice

• इष्टिभिः (iṣṭibhiḥ) - by sacrifices, by rites

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• विविधाभिः (vividhābhiḥ) - by various, by manifold

• निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon, maker of night

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• अमुच्यत (amucyata) - was released, was freed

• शापात् (śāpāt) - from the curse

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decline, destruction, diminution

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• अभ्यगच्छत (abhyagacchata) - he went towards, he obtained, he approached

Words meanings and morphology

इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having worshipped, having sacrificed, having performed a sacrifice

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root 'yaj' (to sacrifice/worship) with the ktvā suffix.

Root: yaj (class 1)

इष्टिभिः (iṣṭibhiḥ) - by sacrifices, by rites

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - sacrifice, rite, offering

From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice) with the kti suffix.

Root: yaj (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

विविधाभिः (vividhābhiḥ) - by various, by manifold

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Note: Agrees with 'iṣṭibhiḥ'.

निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon, maker of night

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśākara

niśākara - moon (lit. night-maker)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (niśā+kara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -a.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अमुच्यत (amucyata) - was released, was freed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

शापात् (śāpāt) - from the curse

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Root: śap (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - decline, destruction, diminution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decline, destruction, loss, decay

From root kṣi (to decay, destroy).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

अभ्यगच्छत (abhyagacchata) - he went towards, he obtained, he approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-gam

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The -ta ending is from an atmanepada form, often used actively in Epic Sanskrit.