महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-309, verse-88

पश्य त्वं छिद्रभूतं हि जीवलोकं स्वकर्मणा ।
तत्कुरुष्व तथा पुत्र कृत्स्नं यत्समुदाहृतम् ॥८८॥

88. paśya tvaṁ chidrabhūtaṁ hi jīvalokaṁ svakarmaṇā ,
tatkuruṣva tathā putra kṛtsnaṁ yatsamudāhṛtam.

88. paśya tvam chidrabhūtam hi jīvalokam svakarmaṇā
tat kuruṣva tathā putra kṛtsnam yat samudāhṛtam

88. putra tvam svakarmaṇā jīvalokam chidrabhūtam hi
paśya tat yat kṛtsnam samudāhṛtam tathā kuruṣva

88. O son, indeed, observe this world of living beings as vulnerable due to their own actions (karma). Therefore, completely perform that which has been declared.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• छिद्रभूतम् (chidrabhūtam) - vulnerable, exposed to harm or suffering (full of defects, vulnerable, perishable, full of holes)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• जीवलोकम् (jīvalokam) - the world of living beings, mortal world

• स्वकर्मणा (svakarmaṇā) - by one's own action (karma) (by one's own action)

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, make

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• पुत्र (putra) - O son!

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire, whole, complete, all

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that which

• समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - declared, said, explained

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present active imperative

2nd person singular, parasmaipada. Root `dṛś` changes to `paśya` in present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Subject of 'paśya'.

छिद्रभूतम् (chidrabhūtam) - vulnerable, exposed to harm or suffering (full of defects, vulnerable, perishable, full of holes)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chidrabhūta

chidrabhūta - full of holes, defective, vulnerable, perishable, having become a fault

Compound. `chidra` (hole, defect) + `bhūta` (become, being).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chidra+bhūta)

• chidra – hole, fault, defect, weakness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• bhūta – become, being, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhū` (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jīvalokam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or causation.

जीवलोकम् (jīvalokam) - the world of living beings, mortal world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jīvaloka

jīvaloka - the world of living beings, the mortal world

Compound. `jīva` (living) + `loka` (world).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living, soul, life
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `jīv` (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

स्वकर्मणा (svakarmaṇā) - by one's own action (karma) (by one's own action)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svakarman

svakarman - one's own action (karma), one's duty

Compound. `sva` (own) + `karman` (action).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+karman)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, work, consequence of action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: `n` stem noun. Instrumental case meaning 'by one's own actions (karma)'.

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Present middle imperative

2nd person singular, ātmanepada. Root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Often indicates 'in that prescribed manner'.

पुत्र (putra) - O son!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Vocative case, addressing the listener.

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire, whole, complete, all

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

Note: Qualifies the implied object of `kuruṣva`, 'yat samudāhṛtam'.

यत् (yat) - which, what, that which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

Relative pronoun.

समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - declared, said, explained

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - declared, said, explained, stated

Past Passive Participle

From root `hṛ` with prefixes `sam-ud-ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yat'.