महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-309, verse-54

इहाग्निसूर्यवायवः शरीरमाश्रितास्त्रयः ।
त एव तस्य साक्षिणो भवन्ति धर्मदर्शिनः ॥५४॥

54. ihāgnisūryavāyavaḥ śarīramāśritāstrayaḥ ,
ta eva tasya sākṣiṇo bhavanti dharmadarśinaḥ.

54. iha agni sūrya vāyavaḥ śarīram āśritāḥ trayaḥ
ta eva tasya sākṣiṇaḥ bhavanti dharmadarśinaḥ

54. iha agni-sūrya-vāyavaḥ trayaḥ śarīram āśritāḥ.
ta eva tasya dharmadarśinaḥ sākṣiṇaḥ bhavanti.

54. Here, in this world, the three (elements of) fire, sun, and wind reside in the body. They indeed become witnesses to a person's actions, being observers of the natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• अग्नि (agni) - fire

• सूर्य (sūrya) - sun

• वायवः (vāyavaḥ) - winds, wind

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - residing in, occupying, dependent on

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• त (ta) - they

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of that (person)

• साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ) - witnesses

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• धर्मदर्शिनः (dharmadarśinaḥ) - observers of natural law (dharma), knowers of duty, righteous observers

Words meanings and morphology

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

अग्नि (agni) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire

Root: ag (class 1)

सूर्य (sūrya) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

Root: sū (class 2)

वायवः (vāyavaḥ) - winds, wind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, god of wind

Root: vā (class 2)

शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'āśritāḥ'.

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - residing in, occupying, dependent on

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - dwelling in, dependent on, resorting to, taken refuge in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-√śri (to resort to, dwell in) with kta suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'agnisūryavāyavaḥ' and 'trayaḥ'.

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tri

tri - three

Note: Agrees with 'agnisūryavāyavaḥ'.

त (ta) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural nominative form.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of that (person)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the person whose actions are being witnessed.

साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ) - witnesses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sākṣin

sākṣin - witness, spectator, observer

From 'sa-akṣin' (having eyes).

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, active voice

Parasmaipadam conjugation.

Root: bhū (class 1)

धर्मदर्शिनः (dharmadarśinaḥ) - observers of natural law (dharma), knowers of duty, righteous observers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmadarśin

dharmadarśin - seeing dharma, knowing duty, observer of natural law (dharma)

Derived from 'dharma' + 'darśin' (seeing, observing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+darśin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √dhṛ (to support, uphold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• darśin – seeing, observing, showing, a seer
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from √dṛś (to see) with the -in suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sākṣiṇaḥ' and 'ta' (referring to the elements).