महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-309, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
कथं निर्वेदमापन्नः शुको वैयासकिः पुरा ।
एतदिच्छामि कौरव्य श्रोतुं कौतूहलं हि मे ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kathaṁ nirvedamāpannaḥ śuko vaiyāsakiḥ purā ,
etadicchāmi kauravya śrotuṁ kautūhalaṁ hi me.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca katham nirvedam āpannaḥ śukaḥ vaiyāsakiḥ
purā etat icchāmi kauravya śrotum kautūhalam hi me

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca he kauravya
purā vaiyāsakiḥ śukaḥ katham
nirvedam āpannaḥ [iti] etat śrotum
icchāmi hi me kautūhalam [asti]

1. Yudhishthira said: "How did Shuka, the son of Vyasa, attain detachment (nirveda) in the past? I wish to hear this, O Kauravya, for indeed, I am curious."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - detachment, dispassion, world-weariness

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - attained, reached

• शुकः (śukaḥ) - Shuka

• वैयासकिः (vaiyāsakiḥ) - son of Vyasa

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Bhishma (as addressed by Yudhishthira) (O descendant of Kuru)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - curiosity, eagerness

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मे (me) - my, to me

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle (proper name of the eldest Pandava brother)

Compound 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm).

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - detachment, dispassion, world-weariness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - detachment, dispassion, indifference to worldly objects, despair

From prefix 'nis' (out, away) + root 'vid' (to know, find).

Prefix: nis

Root: vid (class 6)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, obtained, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

शुकः (śukaḥ) - Shuka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - parrot; name of a sage, son of Vyasa

वैयासकिः (vaiyāsakiḥ) - son of Vyasa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiyāsaki

vaiyāsaki - descendant of Vyasa, son of Vyasa

Patronymic derived from 'vyāsa' (Vyasa).

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (near demonstrative pronoun)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Bhishma (as addressed by Yudhishthira) (O descendant of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - a descendant of Kuru; belonging to the Kaurava lineage

Patronymic derived from 'kuru'.

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix 'tumun'.

Root: śru (class 5)

कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - curiosity, eagerness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kautūhala

kautūhala - curiosity, interest, eagerness, longing

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of 'asmad'.