महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-309, verse-10

धर्माय येऽभ्यसूयन्ति बुद्धिमोहान्विता नराः ।
अपथा गच्छतां तेषामनुयातापि पीड्यते ॥१०॥

10. dharmāya ye'bhyasūyanti buddhimohānvitā narāḥ ,
apathā gacchatāṁ teṣāmanuyātāpi pīḍyate.

10. dharmāya ye abhyasūyanti buddhimohānvitā narāḥ
apathā gacchatām teṣām anuyātā api pīḍyate

10. ye narāḥ buddhimohānvitāḥ dharmāya abhyasūyanti,
apathā gacchatām teṣām anuyātā api pīḍyate

10. Those individuals who, deluded in intellect, find fault with the natural law (dharma) — even a follower of such individuals who deviate from the right path suffers.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्माय (dharmāya) - for dharma, for the natural law, for righteousness

• ये (ye) - who (plural)

• अभ्यसूयन्ति (abhyasūyanti) - they find fault with, they grudge, they envy

• बुद्धिमोहान्विता (buddhimohānvitā) - accompanied by delusion of intellect, deluded in mind

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, individuals, people

• अपथा (apathā) - by deviating from the correct course (by a wrong path, wrongly)

• गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those who are going astray (of those who are going, of those who pursue)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• अनुयाता (anuyātā) - a follower, one who follows

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is harmed, is oppressed, suffers

Words meanings and morphology

धर्माय (dharmāya) - for dharma, for the natural law, for righteousness

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature

A-ending masculine noun. Dative case often indicates "towards" or "for the sake of".

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ये (ye) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, masculine nominative plural.

Note: Subject of 'abhyasūyanti'.

अभ्यसूयन्ति (abhyasūyanti) - they find fault with, they grudge, they envy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhyasūy

Present Tense

Present active voice, 3rd person plural. From abhi-asūy.

Prefix: abhi

Root: asūy (class 10)

बुद्धिमोहान्विता (buddhimohānvitā) - accompanied by delusion of intellect, deluded in mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddhimohānvita

buddhimohānvita - deluded in intellect, accompanied by intellectual confusion

Compound of buddhimoha (delusion of intellect) and anvita (accompanied).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (buddhimoha+anvita)

• buddhimoha – delusion of intellect, intellectual bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of buddhi (intellect) and moha (delusion).
• anvita – accompanied, connected with, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Ppp. of anu-i (to go after).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, individuals, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

A-ending masculine noun.

Root: nṛ

अपथा (apathā) - by deviating from the correct course (by a wrong path, wrongly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apatha

apatha - wrong path, evil course, not a path

Masculine noun, pathin-like declension. Here, instrumental singular 'apathā' as an adverbial.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+patha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• patha – path, road, way, course
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage "wrongly" or "by a wrong path".

गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those who are going astray (of those who are going, of those who pursue)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' + śatṛ.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'teṣām'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine genitive plural.

Note: Possessive for 'anuyātā'.

अनुयाता (anuyātā) - a follower, one who follows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuyātṛ

anuyātṛ - follower, attendant, one who goes after

Agent Noun

Derived from anu-yā (to follow) + tṛc suffix.

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'pīḍyate'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'anuyātā'.

पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is harmed, is oppressed, suffers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present Tense

Present passive voice, 3rd person singular. Root pīḍ + yak + te.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)