महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-112, verse-42

अन्यथा ह्युचिताः पूर्वं परद्रव्यापहारिणः ।
अशक्ताः किंचिदादातुं द्रव्यं गोमायुयन्त्रिताः ॥४२॥

42. anyathā hyucitāḥ pūrvaṁ paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ ,
aśaktāḥ kiṁcidādātuṁ dravyaṁ gomāyuyantritāḥ.

42. anyathā hi ucitāḥ pūrvam paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ
aśaktāḥ kiñcit ādātum dravyam gomāyuyantritāḥ

42. hi anyathā pūrvam paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ ucitāḥ (āsan).
(idānīm tu) gomāyuyantritāḥ (te) kiñcit dravyam ādātum aśaktāḥ (babhūvuḥ).

42. Otherwise, they (the former servants) were previously accustomed to stealing others' property. But, constrained by the jackal (gomāyuyantritāḥ), they were unable to take any wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, fit, proper

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• परद्रव्यापहारिणः (paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ) - stealers of others' wealth/property

• अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - unable, powerless

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, some, a little

• आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take, to seize, to appropriate

• द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - wealth, property, substance

• गोमायुयन्त्रिताः (gomāyuyantritāḥ) - constrained by the jackal, restricted by the jackal

Words meanings and morphology

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Contrasts with the current situation.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, fit, proper

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ucita

ucita - accustomed, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to be accustomed) + suffix 'kta'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of 'pūrva'

Note: Temporal adverb.

परद्रव्यापहारिणः (paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ) - stealers of others' wealth/property

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paradravyāpahārin

paradravyāpahārin - one who steals others' property

Agent noun from 'para-dravya-apahāra' + 'in'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+dravya+apahārin)

• para – other, foreign
  adjective (masculine)
• dravya – wealth, property, substance
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dru' (to run) + 'yat' + 'a'
  Root: dru (class 1)
• apahārin – one who takes away, stealer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From prefix 'apa' + root 'hṛ' (to take) + suffix 'ṇin'
  Prefix: apa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'āsan' (were).

अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - unable, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśakta

aśakta - unable, incapable

From 'a' (not) + 'śakta' (able)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śakta – able, capable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śak' (to be able) + suffix 'kta'
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the former servants).

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, some, a little

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiñcid

kiñcid - something, anything

Indeclinable form of 'kimcid'

Note: Qualifies 'dravyam'.

आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take, to seize, to appropriate

(verb)

active, infinitive of ādātum

Infinitive

From prefix 'ā' + root 'dā' (to give/take) + suffix 'tumun'

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Complements 'aśaktāḥ'.

द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - wealth, property, substance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dravya

dravya - wealth, property, substance

From root 'dru' (to run) + 'yat' + 'a'

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ādātum'.

गोमायुयन्त्रिताः (gomāyuyantritāḥ) - constrained by the jackal, restricted by the jackal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gomāyuyantrita

gomāyuyantrita - controlled/constrained by the jackal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gomāyu+yantrita)

• gomāyu – jackal
  noun (masculine)
• yantrita – controlled, restrained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yam' (to restrain) + suffix 'kta'
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the former servants).