महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-112, verse-22

न शक्यमनमात्येन महत्त्वमनुशासितुम् ।
दुष्टामात्येन वा वीर शरीरपरिपन्थिना ॥२२॥

22. na śakyamanamātyena mahattvamanuśāsitum ,
duṣṭāmātyena vā vīra śarīraparipanthinā.

22. na śakyam an-amātyena mahattvam anu-śāsitum
| duṣṭa-amātyena vā vīra śarīra-paripanthinā

22. vīra,
an-amātyena mahattvam anu-śāsitum na śakyam vā duṣṭa-amātyena śarīra-paripanthinā [api na śakyam]

22. O hero, it is not possible to govern a great state (mahattva) without a minister, nor is it possible with a wicked minister who is a foe to one's very existence (śarīra).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable, able to be done)

• अन्-अमात्येन (an-amātyena) - without a minister (by one without a minister, by a non-minister)

• महत्त्वम् (mahattvam) - a great state (greatness, eminence, majesty, important position, state)

• अनु-शासितुम् (anu-śāsitum) - to govern (to govern, to administer, to instruct)

• दुष्ट-अमात्येन (duṣṭa-amātyena) - with a wicked minister (by a wicked minister)

• वा (vā) - nor (implying "or not") (or, either)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, O brave one)

• शरीर-परिपन्थिना (śarīra-paripanthinā) - by a foe to one's very existence (by an enemy of the body, by one who obstructs the body)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'śakyam'.

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done

gerundive/potential passive participle

from root 'śak' (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective.

अन्-अमात्येन (an-amātyena) - without a minister (by one without a minister, by a non-minister)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of an-amātya

an-amātya - without a minister

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'amātya'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+amātya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of possibility.

महत्त्वम् (mahattvam) - a great state (greatness, eminence, majesty, important position, state)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahattva

mahattva - greatness, eminence, majesty, important position

Abstract noun from 'mahat' (great)

Note: Object of the infinitive.

अनु-शासितुम् (anu-śāsitum) - to govern (to govern, to administer, to instruct)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of anu-śās

infinitive

Infinitive form 'tumun' from root 'śās' with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Used with 'śakyam'.

दुष्ट-अमात्येन (duṣṭa-amātyena) - with a wicked minister (by a wicked minister)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duṣṭa-amātya

duṣṭa-amātya - wicked minister

Compound of 'duṣṭa' (wicked) and 'amātya' (minister)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (duṣṭa+amātya)

• duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, bad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'duṣ' (to be bad/corrupted)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of possibility, parallel to 'an-amātyena'.

वा (vā) - nor (implying "or not") (or, either)

(indeclinable)

वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, O brave one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

Note: Addressing the recipient of the advice.

शरीर-परिपन्थिना (śarīra-paripanthinā) - by a foe to one's very existence (by an enemy of the body, by one who obstructs the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śarīra-paripathin

śarīra-paripathin - enemy to the body, obstructer of the body

Compound of 'śarīra' (body) and 'paripathin' (enemy/obstructer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarīra+paripathin)

• śarīra – body, physical form
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• paripathin – opponent, enemy, obstructer
  noun (masculine)
  from 'pari-path' (to obstruct)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: path (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'duṣṭa-amātyena'.